Anti-inflammatory activity of nicotine isolated from Brassica oleracea in rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, associated with chronic inflammation of synoviocytes. TNFα plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA through pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nicotine, an alkaloid used as herbal medicine, often worked as an anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, we tried to uncover the anti-inflammatory impact of nicotine against RA. Nicotine was isolated from Brassica oleracea, purified by high profile liquid chromatography (HPLC). In-silico docking was carried out using bioinformatics tools SWISSADME, PASS, and DIGEP-Pred to determine drug likeliness of nicotine. The In-vitro study was performed in Tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) induced SW982 Synoviocytes by qPCR. mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL6, IL1β) and proteins (TRAF2, P50, P65) were analyzed followed by validation of P65 (RELA), pP65, IkBα by western blot analysis. Nicotine compound was extracted from Brassica oleracea and purified by HPLC method (Rt values at 2.67 min). The physicochemical, pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeliness of nicotine was studied by in-silico analysis. In-vitro studies revealed that nicotine lowers the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL6, IL1β) and proteins (TRAF2, P50, P65) at 1 µg/ml in TNFα induced SW982 cells.Nicotine from natural sources (Brassica oleracea) has been found to be an effective anti- inflammatory compound at a low dosage. Thus identified the role of nicotine present in the natural sources as a therapeutic option for RA, may be recommended as remedial drug instead of synthetic drug.

Functional Significance of miR-4693-5p in Targeting HIF1α and Its Link to Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis

“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines initiate destructive processes in RA joints, leading to structural damage, reduced mobility, and functional decline, ultimately resulting in disability [27]. The report shows that proinflammatory cytokines can induce or stabilize HIF1α protein [3].…”

“…Cells were cultured in DMEM medium with antibiotics and 10% FBS at 37 • C with 5% CO 2 . Cells were then stimulated with Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNFα) (10 ng/mL) [27].…”

“…The values were normalized by GAPDH and quantitatively evaluated using the 2 −∆∆CT formula. Stem-loop primer was used to check the overexpression of miR-4693-5p in in vitro experiments using a specific primer and U6 as an internal control [27] (see details in Supplementary File).…”

Potentiality of Resveratrol in Mitigating Exercise-Induced Inflammation - A Bioinformatic Study on Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Athletes

“…In response to this emerging challenge, the scientific community has turned to innovative approaches, particularly bioinformatic applications, to unravel the complex interplay between exercise, IL-6, and inflammation. Bioinformatics leverages computational tools and techniques to analyze vast amounts of biological data, facilitating a deeper understanding of molecular pathways and interactions [29,30]. Researchers are now using bioinformatics to explore the intricate mechanisms through which heavy exercise influences IL-6 levels and subsequent inflammatory responses [29,31].…”

Anti-inflammatory effect of glycyrrhetinic acid in IL-1β-induced SW982 cells and adjuvant-induced arthritis

“…Fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) in synovial intima play a key role in the pathological process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [ 20 , 21 ]. During RA development, pro-inflammatory factor（IL-1β, IL-6, or TNF-α）activate FLS, changing their phenotype into the one resembling cancer (RA FLS) [ 22 ]. This cell has great proliferation and migration ability.…”