Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Licorice Extract and Its Active Compounds, Glycyrrhizic Acid, Liquiritin and Liquiritigenin,  in BV2 Cells and Mice Liver

Yu, Ji Yeon; Ha, Jae Yeo; Kim, Kyung Mi; Jung, Young Suk; Jung, Jaehan; Oh, Seikwan

doi:10.3390/molecules200713041

Cited by 179 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Then, we found that Licochalcone A (GC8, 42.78%, 0.29), Licochalcone B (GC27, 75.13%, 0.26), neohesperidin (ZS8, 61.75, 0.27), and glycyrrhizic acid (GC32, 31.78%, 0.55) which are contained in Radix Glycyrrhizae and Immature Bitter Orange have the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant function. Neohesperidin also has the function of gastritis treatment [31–33]. Meanwhile, the mental disorders such as depression accompany the occurrence of inflammation [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Pharmacology Based Study of the Molecular Mechanism of SiNiSan Formula for Application in Nervous and Mental Diseases

Shen

Zhao

Luo

et al. 2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Mental disorder is a group of systemic diseases characterized by a variety of physical and mental discomfort, which has become the rising threat to human life. Herbal medicines were used to treat mental disorders for thousand years in China in which the molecular mechanism is not yet clear. Objective. To systematically explain the mechanisms of SiNiSan (SNS) formula on the treatment of mental disorders. Method. A systems pharmacology method, with ADME screening, targets prediction, and DAVID enrichment analysis, was employed as the principal approach in our study. Results. 60 active ingredients of SNS formula and 187 mental disorders related targets were discovered to have interactions with them. Furthermore, the enrichment analysis of drug-target network showed that SNS probably acts through “multi-ingredient, multitarget, and multisystems” holistic coordination in different organs pattern by indirectly regulating the nutritional and metabolic pathway even their serial complications. Conclusions. Our research provides a reference for the molecular mechanism of medicinal herbs in the treatment of mental disease on a systematic level. Hopefully, it will also provide a theoretical basis for the discovery of lead compounds of natural medicines for other diseases based on traditional medicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Pharmacology Based Study of the Molecular Mechanism of SiNiSan Formula for Application in Nervous and Mental Diseases

Shen

Zhao

Luo

et al. 2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Kanzo contains the compositions such as glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and isoliquiritigenin. Nonetheless, the contributions of these compositions are unlikely in this study because they suppressed LPS-induced COX-2 expression [36–39]. Moreover, the compositions that inhibit COX-2 activity have not been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Studies on Shokyo, Kanzo, and Keihi in Kakkonto Medicine on Prostaglandin E₂ Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Ara

Sogawa

2016

International Scholarly Research Notices

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We previously demonstrated that a kampo medicine, kakkonto, decreases lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by human gingival fibroblasts. In this study, we examined the herbs constituting kakkonto that exhibit this effect. Shokyo strongly and concentration dependently and kanzo and keihi moderately decreased LPS-induced PGE2 production. Shokyo did not alter cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), annexin 1 and COX-2 expression, and LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Kanzo inhibited COX-2 activity but increased annexin 1 and COX-2 expression and did not alter LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation. Keihi inhibited COX-2 activity and LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation but slightly increased COX-2 expression and did not alter cPLA2 and annexin 1 expression. These results suggest that the mechanism of shokyo is through the inhibition of cPLA2 activity, and that of kanzo and keihi is through the inhibition of COX-2 activity and indirect inhibition of cPLA2 activity. Therefore, it is possible that shokyo and kakkonto are clinically useful for the improvement of inflammatory responses.

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“…Glycyrrhizic acid is a triterpene glycoside that possesses antioxidant activity . It has been shown by different studies to provoke hepatoprotective effects in different experimental models of liver injury including lipopolysaccharide/d‐galactosamine, carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), and concanavalin A .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concurrent exposure to aluminium and fructose induces liver injury in rats: Protection by monoammonium glycyrrhizinate

Zakaria

Hasan

Mahmoud

et al. 2020

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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Aluminium is a ubiquitous element that occurs naturally in the soil making human exposure to it unavoidable. It is implicated in the aetiology of different neurodegenerative diseases and can induce liver injury. In addition, insulin resistance (IR) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and the progression of liver disorders. The increased consumption of fructose contained in soft drinks and western pattern diet results in IR that along with the wide distribution of aluminium make the concurrent exposure conceivable and increase the risk of liver injury. Therefore, the present study explores the hepatotoxic effects of aluminium and fructose administered concurrently and evaluates the possible protection by monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG). Liver injury was induced by the administration of aluminium chloride (34 mg/kg/d) plus 10% (w/v) fructose in drinking water. Male rats were treated with either MAG (40 mg/kg/d) or silymarin (SIL, 100 mg/kg/d). The concurrent administration of aluminium and fructose (FRUAL) induced liver injury manifested as a significant elevation of serum liver enzymes activities, bilirubin level, and prothrombin time, as well as reduction of albumin level. On the other hand, the administration of MAG improved the FRUAL‐induced aberrations of liver function tests and hepatic cytoarchitecture. We assume that the MAG‐induced suppression of oxidative stress, toll‐like receptor 4 pathway activation, inflammation, and apoptosis might play a crucial role in the hepatoprotective effect of MAG in this model. Intriguingly, the hepatoprotective effect MAG against FRUAL‐induced liver injury surpasses that of the gold standard SIL, suggesting MAG as a better alternative to SIL.

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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Licorice Extract and Its Active Compounds, Glycyrrhizic Acid, Liquiritin and Liquiritigenin, in BV2 Cells and Mice Liver

Cited by 179 publications

References 30 publications

Systems Pharmacology Based Study of the Molecular Mechanism of SiNiSan Formula for Application in Nervous and Mental Diseases

Systems Pharmacology Based Study of the Molecular Mechanism of SiNiSan Formula for Application in Nervous and Mental Diseases

Studies on Shokyo, Kanzo, and Keihi in Kakkonto Medicine on Prostaglandin E₂ Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

The concurrent exposure to aluminium and fructose induces liver injury in rats: Protection by monoammonium glycyrrhizinate

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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Licorice Extract and Its Active Compounds, Glycyrrhizic Acid, Liquiritin and Liquiritigenin, in BV2 Cells and Mice Liver

Cited by 179 publications

References 30 publications

Systems Pharmacology Based Study of the Molecular Mechanism of SiNiSan Formula for Application in Nervous and Mental Diseases

Systems Pharmacology Based Study of the Molecular Mechanism of SiNiSan Formula for Application in Nervous and Mental Diseases

Studies on Shokyo, Kanzo, and Keihi in Kakkonto Medicine on Prostaglandin E2 Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

The concurrent exposure to aluminium and fructose induces liver injury in rats: Protection by monoammonium glycyrrhizinate

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Studies on Shokyo, Kanzo, and Keihi in Kakkonto Medicine on Prostaglandin E₂ Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts