Anti-Glycation Activities of Phenolic Constituents from Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle) Flower in Vitro and on Human Explants

Abstract

Abstract:Glycation is an ageing reaction of naturally occurring sugars with dermal proteins, with clinical signs appearing in vivo around age 30, and increasing steadily/regularly with age. The suppleness of the dermis is affected by the formation of bridges between proteins and sugars (Maillard's reaction). The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in skin plays a very important role in skin ageing. Therefore, natural compounds or extracts that possess antiglycation activities may have great anti-ageing potential. In the present study, Silybum marianum flower extract (SMFE) was demonstrated to possess antiglycation activity. We found that SMFE inhibits glycation reaction between BSA and glucose. In addition, antiglycation activity of SMFE was confirmed in a human skin explants model. SMFE reduced N ε -(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) expression, whereas SMFE stimulated fibrillin-1 expression compared to treatment with methyglyoxal. An active ingredient contributing to the observed activities was identified as silibinin. The antiglycation activity of silibinin was dose-dependent. The beneficial effects of silibinin may be applied to prevention or management of AGE-mediated pathologies, targeting in a pleiotropic and complementary way the biochemical and cellular bases of skin aging.

Taxifolin inhibits amyloid-β oligomer formation and fully restores vascular integrity and memory in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

“…Prior work has demonstrated Silybum marianum suppresses formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) [64], and marked anti-glycation activity is a unique property of taxifolin [26]. As RAGE is the major amyloid-β influx receptor in the BBB, transporting amyloid-β from the blood into the brain, RAGE inhibition was predicted to ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease and CAA [14, 15].…”

Attenuation of glycation-induced multiple protein modifications by Indian antidiabetic plant extracts

“…A study conducted by Shin et al (2015) has shown that S. marianum has silibinin as its active ingredient which inhibits the accumulation of AGEs in in vitro model as well as in the human skin explants model. This antiglycation potential of S. marianum is also evident in the present study as it inhibited the AGEs fluorescence as well as carbonyl formation.…”

Single Laboratory Validation of a Quantitative Core Shell-Based LC Separation for the Evaluation of Silymarin Variability and Associated Antioxidant Activity of Pakistani Ecotypes of Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum L.)

“…Its main constituent Silybin have been largely studied and proposed to display various health promoting effects, such as hypocholesterolaemic action [ 17 ] or potential chemopreventive action in human prostate carcinoma [ 18 ]. Topical applications of silybin also display a large array of beneficial actions on skin: anti-inflammatory [ 19 ], protection against UV-B radiations and sun burns [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], antiglycation action [ 23 ], and prevention of skin cancers [ 24 ].…”