Anti-Elastase, Anti-Collagenase and Antimicrobial Activities of the Underutilized Red Pitaya Peel: An in Vitro Study for Anti-Aging Applications

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the in vitro anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and antimicrobial activities of the red pitaya peel extract for cosmetic application focusing on skin aging.Methods: Extraction was performed by the reflux method for 103 minutes at 56°C with 82% aqueous ethanol solution and the red pitaya peel extract was evaporated using a rotary evaporator. Anti-elastase and anti-collagenase properties were evaluated using the drug discovery kits (neutrophil elastase colorimetric and matrix metalloproteinase-1 colorimetric, respectively). The antimicrobial potential was analyzed using agar well diffusion method against 10 selected microorganisms, and the presence or absence of the inhibition zones was identified.Results: The red pitaya peel extract exhibited remarkable inhibition percentage 87.62±0.05% and 96.92±0.02% for anti-elastase and anti-collagenase activities, respectively. Red pitaya peel extract showed significant inhibition against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis B29 with an inhibition zone diameter of 8.0±0.3 mm.Conclusion: The excellent anti-aging properties displayed by the underutilized red pitaya peel extract highlighted its potential as a natural source of anti-aging agent for cosmetic formulations.

The Effect of Methanol Concentration on the Extraction of Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera) and Papaya Fruit (Carica papaya) on Elastase and Hyaluronidase Installing Activities

“…The absorption obtained (fluorescence) was used to determine how much activity the methanol extract of Moringa leaves or papaya fruit had in inhibiting the DQ elastin reaction. Determination of elastase inhibitor activity was carried out by reacting the enzyme (elastase) with the substrate (DQ Elastin) along with the inhibitor (N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Valchloromethyl ketone) and, respectively, 50%, 70% methanol extract, and 96% Moringa leaf or papaya fruit where this reaction is an enzymatic reaction between the substrate and elastase to form elastin [2], [4], [10].…”

“…Polyphenols have spectrophotometrically exhibited high antioxidant properties through free radical scavengers and were shown to be highly correlated with anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activity. In another study conducted on green tea installs (Camellia sinensis), polyphenols such as catechins and epigallocatechin Gabe are inhibitors of collagenase and elastase, subsequently decreasing skin wrinkling [2], [4], [10].…”

“…The ethoxyflavonoid compound is a type of flavonoid compound that has a high solubility in non-polar solvents. So that causes the higher the solvent concentration of the extract (the more non-polar), the higher the total flavonoid content contained [2], [4], [6], [8], [10].…”

Preventive Effects of Anthraquinones Isolated from an Endophytic Fungus, Colletotrichum sp. JS-0367 in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Damage of Human Dermal Fibroblasts

“…Accordingly, the degradation of collagen and elastin can lead to premature and undesired appearance characteristics that include deep wrinkles, sagging, drooping, and atrophied skin [ 23 ]. Several studies on alleviating wrinkles in skin focused on the inhibitory activity of collagenase and elastase [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Biodegradability Nature of Polybenzimidazole Analogs by Modulating Two Histidine Degradation Enzymes (Urocanase and Formiminoglutamase): in silico Approach

“…MetaCyc database (http:/metacyc.org) has highlighted three important histidine catabolism/degradation pathways. Urocanase and formiminoglutamase (FIGase) are two key enzymes plays important role in histidine degradation pathway [17].…”