Anti-Diabetic Nephropathy Activities of Polysaccharides Obtained from Termitornyces albuminosus via Regulation of NF-κB Signaling in db/db Mice

Abstract

Termitornyces albuminosus is a kind of traditional Chinese edible fungus rich in nutrients and medicinal ingredients, and it has anti-oxidative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects of polysaccharides separated from T. albuminosus (PTA) have not been reported. The properties of PTA were analyzed in a BKS.Cg-Dock7m +/+ Leprdb/JNju (db/db) mouse model of diabetes. After the administration of PTA for eight weeks, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of PTA in the db/db mice were assessed. The results of a cytokine array combined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of PTA. An eight-week administration of PTA caused hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic functioning, as indicated by suppressed plasma glucose levels, as well as the modulation of several cytokines related to glycometabolism, in the sera and kidneys of the mice. PTA treatment also had a protective effect on renal function, restoring renal structures and regulating potential indicators of nephropathy. In the kidneys of the db/db mice, PTA treatment reduced the activation of protein kinase B, the inhibitor of κB kinase alpha and beta, and the inhibitor of κB alpha and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). We establish the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-diabetic nephropathy effects of PTA, and we find that the renal protection effects of PTA may be related to anti-inflammatory activity via the regulation of NF-κB signaling.

Nonlinear relationship between glycated hemoglobin and cognitive impairment after acute mild ischemic stroke

“…HbA1c is a commonly assessed parameter that re ects the average blood glucose concentration over the past 8-12 weeks and is a good indicator for evaluating long-term blood glucose control 20 . Elevated HbA1c is caused by increased glycosylation of proteins due to hyperglycemia 21 . Hyperglycemia and dementia have been linked in many studies, both animal and clinical studies, which show that short-term hyperglycemia can lead to learning and memory loss in experimental animals [22][23][24] .…”

Green tea peptides ameliorate diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in mice

“…64 Under hyperglycaemic conditions, the innate immune cells of the kidney produce tumour necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α), which amplifies the inflammatory response. 65,66 In contrast, NF-kB is a transcription factor that positively or negatively controls the expression of multiple genes. 67,68 NF-KB-P65 has also been shown in previous studies to exacerbate the development of diabetic nephropathy by increasing the ability of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis.…”

Isolation, Structural Properties, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Mushrooms Termitomyces: A Review

“…Briefly, fruiting bodies or fermentation broths of Termitomyces were dried and smashed into the powder. 31 Distilled water was added to the powder in proportion and immersed for 2−6 h at 60−100 °C. 43 Then, the supernatant was collected.…”

“…37,61−63 Generally, crude TPS can be first separated according to different ionic properties by anion-exchange chromatography, such as diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) Sepharose fast flow column, DEAE Sephadex 100, and ion-exchange resin DEAE-52. 31,44,49 Further purification is then performed by a Sepharose 6B gel permeation column and a Sephadex G-100 column according to molecular weight. 25,32 Fractions of TPS with different total sugar contents, molecular weights (M w ), and monosaccharide compositions could be separated after purification through the above methods.…”

“…87 Therefore, safe and inartificial antidiabetic drugs are in need for the therapy of DM. Yang et al 31 performed research on the hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects of TAP. The characteristics of TAP were studied in a BKS.Cg-Dock7 m +/+Lepr db /JNju (db/ db) mouse model of diabetes.…”