Anti-diabetic activity of PUFAs-rich extracts of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Spirulina platensis in rats

Wan, Xuzhi; Li, Tiantian; Zhong, Ruting; Chen, Hongbin; Xia, Xue; Gao, Luying; Gao, Xiaoxiang; Liu, Bin; Zhang, Huiying; Zhao, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.017

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A previous study reported that Turicibacter was positively correlated with butyric acid, which was considered as a beneficial substance in the intestinal tract [31]. A high ratio of Blautia in diabetic children or obesity mice have also been reported in recent investigations and could be restore to a certain extent by some functional food such as the extract of Chlorella pyrenoidosa [32,33]. These findings indicated that the roles of numerous gut bacteria were diverse and complex in the disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…[41]. Deficiency in SCFA production has been associated with diseases, including T2D, and butyrate supplementation prevented insulin resistance and obesity in mice [32,42]. These results suggested RA treatment might increase Ruminococcus abundance to alleviate metabolic disturbance in T2D rats via promoting SCFA production in the intestinal tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Yan

Yao

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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Rotundic acid (RA) is a major triterpene constituent in the barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, which have been widely used to make herbal tea for health care in southern China. RA has a variety of bioactivities such as anti-inflammation and lipid-lowering effect. However, little is known about the effects and mechanisms of RA on metabolic disturbance in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its effect on gut microbiota. A T2D rat model induced by high fat diet (HFD) feeding and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection was employed and RA showed multipronged effects on T2D and its complications, including improving glucolipid metabolism, lowering blood pressure, protecting against cardiovascular and hepatorenal injuries, and alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, 16s rRNA gene sequencing was carried out on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform and RA treatment could restore the gut microbial dysbiosis in T2D rats to a certain extent. RA treatment significantly enhanced the richness and diversity of gut microbiota. At the genus level, beneficial or commensal bacteria Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Leuconostoc and Streptococcus were significantly increased by RA treatment, while RA-treated rats had a lower abundance of opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella and Proteus. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the abundances of these bacteria were strongly correlated with various biochemical parameters, suggesting that the improvement of gut microbiota might help to prevent or attenuate T2D and its complication. In conclusion, our findings support RA as a nutraceutical agent or plant foods rich in this compound might be helpful for the alleviation of T2D and its complications through improving gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Yan

Yao

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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“…), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; Wan et al. ), polysaccharides (Barboríková et al. ), peptides (Ejike et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological Features of Polar Soil Unicellular Microalgae¹

Shukla

Kvíderová

Adamec

et al. 2020

Journal of Phycology

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Due to their ecological, physiological, and molecular adaptations to low and varying temperatures, as well as varying seasonal irradiances, polar non‐marine eukaryotic microalgae could be suitable for low‐temperature biotechnology. Adaptations include the synthesis of compounds from different metabolic pathways that protect them against stress. Production of biological compounds and various biotechnological applications, for instance, water treatment technology, are of interest to humans. To select prospective strains for future low‐temperature biotechnology in polar regions, temperature and irradiance of growth requirements (Q10 and Ea of 10 polar soil unicellular strains) were evaluated. In terms of temperature, three groups of strains were recognized: (i) cold‐preferring where temperature optima ranged between 10.1 and 18.4°C, growth rate 0.252 and 0.344 · d−1, (ii) cold‐ and warm‐tolerating with optima above 10°C and growth rate 0.162–0.341 · d−1, and (iii) warm‐preferring temperatures above 20°C and growth rate 0.249–0.357 · d−1. Their light requirements were low. Mean values Q10 for specific growth rate ranged from 0.7 to 3.1. The lowest Ea values were observed on cold‐preferring and the highest in the warm‐preferring strains. One strain from each temperature group was selected for PN and RD measurements. The PN:RD ratio of the warm‐preferring strains was less affected by temperature similarly as Q10 and Ea. For future biotechnological applications, the strains with broad temperature tolerance (i.e., the group of cold‐ and warm‐tolerating and warm‐preferring strains) will be most useful.

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“…The extract was found to increase the populations of putatively beneficial bacteria, such as Prevotella, Alloprevotella, Porphyromonadaceae, Barnesiella, and Paraprevotella, while reducing the populations of Turicibacter, Romboutsia, Phascolarctobacterium, Olsenella, and Clostridium XVIII, which correlated positively with serum TAG, total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but negatively with serum high-density-lipoprotein TC levels [54]. The ethanolic (55% ethanol) fraction (SP55) extracted from A. platensis showed antihyperglycemic activity in male rats fed an HF diet, as assessed by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) [55]. The extract contained both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Unsaturated Fatty Acids From Spirulinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations

et al. 2021

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Marine and freshwater algae and their products are in growing demand worldwide because of their nutritional and functional properties. Microalgae (unicellular algae) will constitute one of the major foods of the future for nutritional and environmental reasons. They are sources of high-quality protein and bioactive molecules with potential application in the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes. They may also contribute decisively to sustainability through carbon dioxide fixation and minimization of agricultural land use. This paper reviews current knowledge of the effects of consuming edible microalgae on the metabolic alterations known as metabolic syndrome (MS). These microalgae include Chlorella, Spirulina (Arthrospira) and Tetraselmis as well as Isochrysis and Nannochloropsis as candidates for human consumption. Chlorella biomass has shown antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic effects in humans and other mammals. The components of microalgae reviewed suggest that they may be effective against MS at two levels: in the early stages, to work against the development of insulin resistance (IR), and later, when pancreatic -cell function is already compromised. The active components at both stages are antioxidant scavengers and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as carotenoids and -3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid; EPA/DHA), prebiotic polysaccharides, phenolics, antihypertensive peptides, several pigments such as phycobilins and phycocyanin, and some vitamins, such as folate. As a source of high-quality protein, including an array of bioactive molecules with potential activity against the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes, microalgae are proposed as excellent foods for the future. Moreover, their incorporation into the human diet would decisively contribute to a more sustainable world because of their roles in carbon dioxide fixation and reducing the use of land for agricultural purposes.

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Anti-diabetic activity of PUFAs-rich extracts of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Spirulina platensis in rats

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Ecophysiological Features of Polar Soil Unicellular Microalgae¹

Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations

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Anti-diabetic activity of PUFAs-rich extracts of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Spirulina platensis in rats

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Ecophysiological Features of Polar Soil Unicellular Microalgae1

Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations

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Product

Resources

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Ecophysiological Features of Polar Soil Unicellular Microalgae¹