Anti-CRISPR Phages Cooperate to Overcome CRISPR-Cas Immunity

Landsberger, Mariann; Gandon, Sylvain; Meaden, Sean; Chabas, Hélène; Buckling, Angus; Westra, Edze R.; Houte, Stineke van

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3188416

Cited by 40 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…; Landsberger et al. ), and behaviors like cheating have even been observed to evolve during similar laboratory experiments to our own (Turner and Chao ; Sachs et al. ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Bacteriophage lambda overcomes a perturbation in its host–viral genetic network through mutualism and evolution of life history traits*

et al. 2020

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An important driver of evolution in viruses is natural selection to optimize the use of their hosts' genetic network. To learn how viruses respond to this pressure, we disrupted the genetic network of Escherichia coli to inhibit replication of its virus, bacteriophage lambda, and then observed how λ evolved to compensate. We deleted E. coli's dnaJ gene, which lambda uses to initiate DNA replication. Lambda partially restored its ability to reproduce with just two adaptive mutations associated with genes J and S. The location of the mutations was unexpected because they were not in genes that directly interact with DnaJ, rather they affected seemingly unrelated life history traits. A nonsynonymous J mutation increased lambda's adsorption rate and an S regulatory mutation delayed lysis timing. Lambda also recovered some of its reproductive potential through intracellular mutualism. This study offers two important lessons: first, viruses can rapidly adapt to disruptive changes in their host's genetic network. Second, organisms can employ mechanisms thought to operate at the population scale, such as evolution of life history traits and social interactions, in order to overcome hurdles at the molecular level. As life science research progresses and new fields become increasingly specialized, these results remind us of the importance of multiscale and interdisciplinary approaches to understand adaptation. K E Y W O R D S : adaptation, molecular evolution, parasitism, sociality.

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“…; Landsberger et al. ), and behaviors like cheating have even been observed to evolve during similar laboratory experiments to our own (Turner and Chao ; Sachs et al. ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Bacteriophage lambda overcomes a perturbation in its host–viral genetic network through mutualism and evolution of life history traits*

et al. 2020

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“…Anti-CRISPR AcrIF3 Is a Molecular Mimic Bacteriophages (phages) have evolved numerous mechanisms to subvert CRISPR defense (Borges et al, 2017;Maxwell et al, 2016;Pawluk et al, 2018). Several temperate phages of P. aeruginosa encode small proteins that bind and neutralize type I-F Cas proteins (Bondy-Denomy et al, 2013Borges et al, 2018;Chowdhury et al, 2017;Guo et al, 2017;Landsberger et al, 2018;Maxwell et al, 2016;Pawluk et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2016aWang et al, , 2016b. One of these anti-CRISPR proteins (AcrIF3) binds Cas2/3 and prevents its recruitment to the Csy complex (Bondy-Denomy et al, 2015;Rollins et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2016aWang et al, , 2016b.…”

Section: Target-bound Csy Complex Assumes a Locked Conformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Reveals a Mechanism of CRISPR-RNA-Guided Nuclease Recruitment and Anti-CRISPR Viral Mimicry

et al. 2019

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“…These proteins were observed to suppress the CRISPR system by interacting with the dsDNA surveillance protein complex Csy, which inhibits foreign DNA binding or by deactivating the nuclease activity of Cas2/3. The host bacterium becomes immunosuppressed after the anti‐CRISPR proteins reach a certain baseline level and phages were often found to work altruistically to achieve this level of protection , . The phage‐bacteria interaction is thus very dynamic and may be a perfect example of the “Red Queen hypothesis” of evolution.…”

Section: Challenges With Phage Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorating the antimicrobial resistance crisis: phage therapy

Saha

Mukherjee

2019

IUBMB Life

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Propelled by the overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance is now widespread in the environment, leaving us with limited drugs for treating a large number of resistant pathogens. The use of bacteriophages that kill bacteria has come up as a viable alternative to circumvent the antimicrobial resistance crisis, and phage therapy‐based approaches are fast advancing in recent times. In this minireview, we try to describe the advantages associated with phage therapy and update the latest developments in the field including the clinical trials that are underway. Particularly, we highlight the synergistic bactericidal effect of phages in the presence of sub‐lethal dose of antibiotics and the potency of lytic phages, and their hydrolytic enzymes in expunging pathogens from drug‐tolerant biofilms and animal farm produce. We also discuss how major challenges, including human immune response to phage components, development of bacterial resistance and elimination of intracellular pathogens, presented as potential setbacks to the implementation of phage therapy is being removed using engineered phages and novel formulations. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019

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Anti-CRISPR Phages Cooperate to Overcome CRISPR-Cas Immunity

Abstract: Highlights d Bacteria with CRISPR immunity remain partially resistant to Acr-phage d Sequentially infecting Acr-phages cooperate to overcome CRISPR resistance d Acr-phage epidemiology depends on the initial phage density d CRISPR-resistant bacteria can drive Acr-phages extinct

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Bacteriophage lambda overcomes a perturbation in its host–viral genetic network through mutualism and evolution of life history traits*

Bacteriophage lambda overcomes a perturbation in its host–viral genetic network through mutualism and evolution of life history traits*

Structure Reveals a Mechanism of CRISPR-RNA-Guided Nuclease Recruitment and Anti-CRISPR Viral Mimicry

Ameliorating the antimicrobial resistance crisis: phage therapy

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