Anti-Cancer Potency and Sustained Release of Phytosomal Diallyl Disulfide Containing Methanolic Allium Sativum Extract Against Breast Cancer

Abstract

Vesicular drug delivery system like phytosomes is a widely adopted section of pharmaceutical inventions. It improves therapeu tic efficacies of drug by controlled and sustained action. It is also used to improve the therapeutic index, solubility, stability and rapid degradation of drug molecules. Phytosome is made of phytoconstituents of herbal extract that is surrounded and bounded by one or more concentric spheres of lipid layers. The purpose of this study is to synthesize an economical phytosome which will also be an effective alternative to the current medications of cancer. Methanolic extract of Allium sativum containing Diallyl disulphide along with other phenolic compounds were used for the preparation of phytosome as it has the ability to cure and prevent the growth and division of cancer cells. Bioactive compounds were examined by phytochemical analysis. Antioxidant activity of the extract was carried out by DPPH assay that showed that the extract was rich in antioxidants. Presence of Diallyl disulfide having the anti-cancer activity was confirmed by HPLC and GC-MS analysis. The surface morphology and the functional groups of the prepared phytosomal complex were studied by SEM and FTIR analysis respectively. The prepared phytosome showed 100% toxicity against the cancer cell line (MCF 7) at 108.5 μg/ml. Hence, we claim that the Diallyl disulphide containing methanolic Allium sativum encapsulated in phytosome can be an effective alternate for the cancer therapies and this work can also be extrapolated to active targeting of tumour site by attaching the targeting moiety on the surface of the phytosome.

Garlic Extract Phytosome: Preparation and Physical Stability

“…Other studies have shown that the method of producing phytosome can produce different entrapment efficiency values even though the ratio used is the same [32]. Nazeer et al, 2017 reported that garlic extract phytosomes made using the solvent evaporation method with a ratio of 1:1 produced an entrapment efficiency of 97.306% [11].…”

“…Compared with traditional herbal products, phytosomes can enhance the potency of the pharmacological effect because the medicinal ingredients are protected in the vesicle wall so that they are less likely to decompose [9,10]. Cancer treatment research using an ethanol extract of garlic in phytosomes showed that 100% of the phytosomes at 108.5 μg/ml are toxic to cancer cell lines (MCF 7) [11]. With the potential of allicin contained in a methanolic garlic extract, it is essential to formulate garlic extract phytosome to optimize the use of allicin in treating diabetes.…”

Phytosomes: emergent promising nano vesicular drug delivery system for targeted tumor therapy

“…Then the thin layer is re hydrated with water to form micelles. The phospholipid thin layer upon exposure with the water forms micelles that are then probe sonicated to achieve desired micelle size [9,[31][32][33].…”

“…A clear analysis and scientific understanding of properties of the tumor, vascular modifications, and metastatic pathways have helped to develop the targeted drug delivery system [4]. Vesicular drug delivery system (VDDS) that includes liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, aquasomes, and phytosomes is reported to be the ideal approach satisfying all the requirements for a targeting effective drug carrier [5][6][7][8][9]. VDDS are micelles made up of an aqueous core and generally lipid bilayer outer shell.…”