Anti-Cancer Nanopowders and MAPLE-Fabricated Thin Films Based on SPIONs Surface Modified with Paclitaxel Loaded β-Cyclodextrin

Abstract

Globally, cancer is the second most common cause of death, and Europe accounts for almost 25% of the global cancer burden, although its people make up only 10% of the world’s population. Conventional systemically administered anti-cancer drugs come with important drawbacks such as inefficiency due to poor bioavailability and improper biodistribution, severe side effects associated with low therapeutic indices, and the development of multidrug resistance. Therefore, smart nano-engineered targeted drug-delivery systems with tailored pharmacokinetics and biodistribution which can selectively deliver anti-cancer agents directly to the tumor site are the solution to most difficulties encountered with conventional therapeutic tools. Here, we report on the synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and in vitro evaluation of biocompatibility and anti-tumor activity of novel magnetically targetable SPIONs based on magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles’ surface modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) and paclitaxel (PTX)–guest–host inclusion complexes (Fe3O4@β-CD/PTX). Both pristine Fe3O4@β-CD nanopowders and PTX-loaded thin films fabricated by MAPLE technique were investigated. Pristine Fe3O4@β-CD and Fe3O4@β-CD/PTX thin films were physicochemically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biocompatibility of bare magnetic nanocomposite thin films was evaluated by MTT cell viability assay on a normal 3T3 osteoblast cell line culture and by measuring the level of NO in the culture medium. No significant modifications, neither in cell viability nor in NO level, could be observed, thereby demonstrating the excellent biocompatibility of the SPIONs thin films. Inverted phase-contrast microscopy showed no evident adverse effect on the morphology of normal osteoblasts. On the other hand, Fe3O4@β-CD/PTX films decreased the cell viability of the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line by 85%, demonstrating excellent anti-tumor activity. The obtained results recommend these magnetic hybrid films as promising candidates for future delivery, and hyperthermia applications in cancer treatment.

Transport and Separation of the Silver Ion with n–decanol Liquid Membranes Based on 10–undecylenic Acid, 10–undecen–1–ol and Magnetic Nanoparticles

“…Between 220-400 • C the sample is losing 0.80% of initial mass, most probably by eliminating the surface -OH moieties. The exothermic effect from 631.1 • C is attributed to the phase transition magnetite to hematite, a characteristic effect for such samples [60]. The residual mass is formed by red Fe 2 O 3 , representing 97.96%.…”

Antimicrobial Resistance and Inorganic Nanoparticles

“…Sci. 2021, 22, x FOR PEER REVIEW 10 of 31 used as carrier paclitaxel and β-cyclodextrin [126] or PdNPs capping with polyvinylpyrrolidone load with quercetin [114], and Silica Core-Shell Au [127] for Cancer Therapy.…”

“…Likewise, the photodynamic and photothermic effects of NPs generate a greater impact as antimicrobial agents (Figure 3), which is directly related to the release of metallic ions and ROS [6]. NPs sizes are largest than antibiotics which allow the use of these as carriers of antibiotics or other small molecules as antibodies or chemotherapeutic agents [126]. NPs sizes are largest than antibiotics which allow the use of these as carriers of antibiotics or other small molecules as antibodies or chemotherapeutic agents [126].…”

“…NPs sizes are largest than antibiotics which allow the use of these as carriers of antibiotics or other small molecules as antibodies or chemotherapeutic agents [126]. NPs sizes are largest than antibiotics which allow the use of these as carriers of antibiotics or other small molecules as antibodies or chemotherapeutic agents [126].…”

“…The NPs designed for in vitro applications include their use as a drug administration; in these applications, the NPs can load with different molecules as an essential oil, such as the ZnONPs have been loaded with Citronella essential oil [ 124 ] or Oxide-Silica Core-Shell with essential oil [ 125 ], both with antimicrobial activity. In addition, Fe 2 O 3 NPs have been used as carrier paclitaxel and β-cyclodextrin [ 126 ] or PdNPs capping with polyvinylpyrrolidone load with quercetin [ 114 ], and Silica Core-Shell Au [ 127 ] for Cancer Therapy.…”