Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols Against Prostate Cancer

Miyata, Yasuyoshi; Shida, Yohei; Hakariya, Tomoaki; Sakai, Hideki

doi:10.3390/molecules24010193

Cited by 100 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Regarding more specifically PCa, in vivo pre-clinical studies have evidenced the chemopreventive effect of natural compounds in PCa xenograft mouse models and in transgenic mouse models. Although the association between polyphenols intake and tumorigenesis of PCa needs to be confirmed by large-scale epidemiological data [32], since results are sometimes inconsistent and conflicting, there is a general agreement that consumption of flavonoids in the diet significantly reduces PCa risk [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Delphinidin Cyanidin Peonidinnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators for Prostate Cancer Prevention

2020

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is a multifactorial disease with an unclear etiology. Due to its high prevalence, long latency, and slow progression, PCa is an ideal target for chemoprevention strategies. Many research studies have highlighted the positive effects of natural flavonoids on chronic diseases, including PCa. Different classes of dietary flavonoids exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-aging, cardioprotective, anti-viral/bacterial and anti-carcinogenic properties. We overviewed the most recent evidence of the antitumoral effects exerted by dietary flavonoids, with a special focus on their epigenetic action in PCa. Epigenetic alterations have been identified as key initiating events in several kinds of cancer. Many dietary flavonoids have been found to reverse DNA aberrations that promote neoplastic transformation, particularly for PCa. The epigenetic targets of the actions of flavonoids include oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, indirectly controlled through the regulation of epigenetic enzymes such as DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), histone acetyltransferase (HAT), and histone deacetylase (HDAC). In addition, flavonoids were found capable of restoring miRNA and lncRNA expression that is altered during diseases. The optimization of the use of flavonoids as natural epigenetic modulators for chemoprevention and as a possible treatment of PCa and other kinds of cancers could represent a promising and valid strategy to inhibit carcinogenesis and fight cancer.

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Section: Delphinidin Cyanidin Peonidinnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators for Prostate Cancer Prevention

2020

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“…The active pharmacological ingredient of green tea is epigallocatechin-3-gallate, EGCG [ 11 ]. EGCG is believed to contribute to various cancer-preventive effects resulting from its high antioxidant potential [ 11 – 14 ]. In vitro and animal studies reported a number of cancer-preventative effects of EGCG including: attenuation of oxidative stress, inhibition of angiogenesis, induction of apoptosis and alterations in expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins [ 11 , 12 , 14 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of green tea consumption on endoxifen steady-state concentration in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen

Braal

Hussaarts

Seuren

et al. 2020

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Background Many cancer patients use additional herbs or supplements in combination with their anti-cancer therapy. Green tea—active ingredient epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)—is one of the most commonly used dietary supplements among breast cancer patients. EGCG may alter the metabolism of tamoxifen. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of green tea supplements on the pharmacokinetics of endoxifen; the most relevant active metabolite of tamoxifen. Methods In this single-center, randomized cross-over trial, effects of green tea capsules on endoxifen levels were evaluated. Patients treated with tamoxifen for at least 3 months were eligible for this study. After inclusion, patients were consecutively treated with tamoxifen monotherapy for 28 days and in combination with green tea supplements (1 g twice daily; containing 300 mg EGCG) for 14 days (or vice versa). Blood samples were collected on the last day of monotherapy or combination therapy. Area under the curve (AUC0–24h), maximum concentration (Cmax) and minimum concentration (Ctrough) were obtained from individual plasma concentration–time curves. Results No difference was found in geometric mean endoxifen AUC0–24h in the period with green tea versus tamoxifen monotherapy (− 0.4%; 95% CI − 8.6 to 8.5%; p = 0.92). Furthermore, no differences in Cmax (− 2.8%; − 10.6 to 5.6%; p = 0.47) nor Ctrough (1.2%; − 7.3 to 10.5%; p = 0.77) were found. Moreover, no severe toxicity was reported during the whole study period. Conclusions This study demonstrated the absence of a pharmacokinetic interaction between green tea supplements and tamoxifen. Therefore, the use of green tea by patients with tamoxifen does not have to be discouraged.

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“…It has been postulated that the discrepancy between the topical and oral administration of EGCG is due to inadequate EGCG supply to the skin after oral ingestion. An investigation confirmed the protective activities of topical green tea phenols against UV radiation-induced erythema in a cohort of human volunteers [ 169 ]. Furthermore, it was demonstrated in a single-blind, randomized clinical trial of 50 volunteers that, compared to the placebo group, supplementation of oral green tea extract with vitamin C did not exhibit effectively decreased leukocyte infiltration or skin erythema [ 170 ].…”

Section: Dietary Phytochemicals For Skin Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 86%

An Update on the Role of Dietary Phytochemicals in Human Skin Cancer: New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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Human skin is continuously subjected to environmental stresses, as well as extrinsic and intrinsic noxious agents. Although skin adopts various molecular mechanisms to maintain homeostasis, excessive and repeated stresses can overwhelm these systems, leading to serious cutaneous damage, including both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Phytochemicals present in the diet possess the desirable effects of protecting the skin from damaging free radicals as well as other benefits. Dietary phytochemicals appear to be effective in preventing skin cancer and are inexpensive, widely available, and well tolerated. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic characteristics of dietary phytochemicals against skin malignancy. Moreover, dietary phytochemicals affect multiple important cellular processes including cell cycle, angiogenesis, and metastasis to control skin cancer progression. Herein, we discuss the advantages of key dietary phytochemicals in whole fruits and vegetables, their bioavailability, and underlying molecular mechanisms for preventing skin cancer. Current challenges and future prospects for research are also reviewed. To date, most of the chemoprevention investigations have been conducted preclinically, and additional clinical trials are required to conform and validate the preclinical results in humans.

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Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols Against Prostate Cancer

Cited by 100 publications

References 134 publications

Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators for Prostate Cancer Prevention

Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators for Prostate Cancer Prevention

Influence of green tea consumption on endoxifen steady-state concentration in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen

An Update on the Role of Dietary Phytochemicals in Human Skin Cancer: New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms

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