Anti-biofilm properties of eucalyptol in combination with antifungals against Candida albicans isolates in patients with hematological malignancy

Keymaram, Mahyar; Falahati, Mehraban; Farahyar, Shirin; Lotfali, Ensieh; Abolghasemi, Sara; Mahmoudi, Shahram; Sadeghi, Fatemeh; Khalandi, Halala; Ghasemi, Reza; Shamsaei, Sina; Raiesi, Omid

doi:10.1007/s00203-022-02911-z

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These results are in agreement with higher concentrations of spathulenol, bicyclogermacrene, caryophyllene oxide, and eucalyptol, which have been described as potent antifungal and anticandidal compounds [12][13][14][15]. Keymaram et al [22] showed in their study that eucalyptol possesses antibiofilm activity against C. albicans at concentrations ranging from 125 to 8000 µg mL −1 . Although detected at a low concentration in CbEO, limonene could also contribute to anticandidal activity, specifically against C. albicans, since this compound has already shown anticandidal activity [16].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Essential Oil from Croton blanchetianus Leaves: Anticandidal Potential and Mechanisms of Action

Malveira

Souza

Neto

et al. 2022

JoF

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Antimicrobial drugs are becoming ineffective given the resistance acquired by microorganisms. As such, it is imperative to seek new antimicrobial molecules that could provide a basis for the development of new drugs. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and the mechanisms of action of the essential oil extracted from leaves of Croton blanchetianus (named CbEO) on different fungi and bacteria of clinical importance in both planktonic and biofilm lifestyles. GC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of twenty-two different compounds in the CbEO, which were identified using the Kovats retention index. Among these, the most abundant were amorphene (20.03%), spathulenol (5%), bicyclogermacrene (1.49%), caryophyllene oxide (4.55%), and eucalyptol (5.62%). CbOE (50 µg mL−1) barely inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis (23%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27%), and Salmonella enterica (28%), and no inhibition was obtained against Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Additionally, no activity against bacterial biofilm was detected. In contrast, CbEO was active against Candida species. C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were inhibited by 78 and 75%, respectively. The antibiofilm potential also was favorable against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, inhibiting 44 and 74% of biofilm formation and reducing around 41 and 27% of the preformed biofilm, respectively. CbOE caused membrane damage and pore formation, overproduction of ROS, and apoptosis on C. albicans and C. parapsilosis cells, as well as not inducing hemolysis in human red cells. The results obtained in this work raise the possibility of using the essential oil of C. blanchetianus leaves as an alternative to fight infections caused by C. albicans and C. parapsilosis.

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Section: Antimicrobial Activitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Essential Oil from Croton blanchetianus Leaves: Anticandidal Potential and Mechanisms of Action

Malveira

Souza

Neto

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…In a study performed by Mardani et al, the frequency of C. albicans was estimated at 91.6% [ 4 ], and the frequency of Candida spp. was higher than that of other species in a study performed by Keymaram et al [ 20 ]. Oropharyngeal Candida colonization was more prevalent in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, compared to healthy adults, and the dominant species was C. glabrata in a study carried out by Shirazian et al conducted from 2016 to 2017 in Tehran, Iran [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Oral Candida colonization and anti-fungal susceptibility pattern in patients with hematological malignancy

Zadeh¹,

Lotfali²,

Fattahi³

et al. 2022

CMM

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Background and Purpose: Candidiasis is regarded as one of the most important fungal infections and a cause of disease and mortality in patients with hematological malignancy. Accordingly, antifungal prophylaxis is of significant importance in this regard. This study aimed to identify the epidemiology of Candida colonization and evaluate its antifungal susceptibility pattern in patients with hematological malignancy. Materials and Methods: In this study, the samples were collected from the oral cavity of 100 patients, and Candida colonization was confirmed by fungal culture. Candida strains were also identified by ITS-PCR. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests against fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin were performed according to CLSI M60. Results: Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, distribution of Candida species (spp.), and antifungal susceptibility were analyzed in this study. The study participants included 100 patients with a mean age of 15.48%±48.74 years (age range: 17-84 years). Regarding gender distribution, the majority (64%) of the patients were male. In terms of the distribution of underlying hematologic malignancy, 27% of the cases had lymphoma. The most commonly isolated species among patients were C. albicans complex (49%; n=49), C. glabrata (39%; n=39), and co-colonization of C. albicans complex and C. with C. glabrata (10%; n=10). The overall resistance of C. albicans complex was 5% to fluconazole (n=5) and 2% to amphotericin B (n=2). Furthermore, C. glabrata showed 11% (n=11) resistance to fluconazole and was susceptible to amphotericin B. All Candida spp. isolated from patients who were susceptible to caspofungin. Conclusion: The high rate of colonization of Candida spp., especially the significant increase in the frequency of C. glabrata in patients with blood malignancies and the gradual increase in resistance to fluconazole, necessitate a change in the use of antifungal drugs for the prevention and experimental treatment of hematological malignancy.

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“…In contrast to FLU, far fewer studies have examined the effects of NY on mature Candida biofilms, and it was determined that this antimycotic was effective at concentrations ranging from 4 to 128 µg/mL [69,70]. In our study, a biofilm reduction level of 80%, as required for the MIC determination of biofilms according to Li et al, was observed in three isolates, Ca1, Ca3, and Ca4, with MICs of 4, 8, and 16 g/mL, respectively [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity and Type of Interaction of Melissa officinalis Essential Oil with Antimycotics against Biofilms of Multidrug-Resistant Candida Isolates from Vulvovaginal Mucosa

Ranđelović,

Dimitrijević,

Otašević

et al. 2023

JoF

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(1) Background: Vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) is a major therapy issue due to its high resistance rate and virulence factors such as the ability to form biofilms. The possibility of combining commonly used antifungals with natural products might greatly improve therapeutic success. (2) Methods: A total of 49 vulvovaginal isolates, causative agents of recurrent VVC, were tested for their susceptibility to fluconazole, nystatin, and Melissa officinalis essential oil (MOEO). This examination included testing the antibiofilm potential of antifungals and MOEO and the determination of their types of interaction with mature biofilms. (3) Results: Antimicrobial testing showed that 94.4% of the Candida albicans isolates and all the Candida krusei isolates were resistant to fluconazole, while all strains showed resistance to nystatin. The same strains were susceptible to MOEO in 0.156–2.5 mg/mL concentrations. Additionally, the results revealed very limited action of fluconazole, while nystatin and MOEO reduced the amount of biofilm formed by as much as 17.7% and 4.6%, respectively. Testing of the combined effect showed strain-specific synergistic action. Furthermore, the lower concentrations exhibited antagonistic effects even in cases where synergism was detected. (4) Conclusions: This study showed that MOEO had a very good antibiofilm effect. However, combining MOEO with antimycotics demonstrated that the type of action depended on the choice of antifungal drugs as well as the applied concentration.

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Anti-biofilm properties of eucalyptol in combination with antifungals against Candida albicans isolates in patients with hematological malignancy

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Essential Oil from Croton blanchetianus Leaves: Anticandidal Potential and Mechanisms of Action

Essential Oil from Croton blanchetianus Leaves: Anticandidal Potential and Mechanisms of Action

Oral Candida colonization and anti-fungal susceptibility pattern in patients with hematological malignancy

Antifungal Activity and Type of Interaction of Melissa officinalis Essential Oil with Antimycotics against Biofilms of Multidrug-Resistant Candida Isolates from Vulvovaginal Mucosa

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