Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects Mediated by the Combination of Probucol and Amygdalin in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice Fed with a High Fat Diet

Deng, Jiagang; Wang, Hailian; Liu, Yuande; Li, Chunyang; Hao, Erhong; Du, Zhenhong; Bao, Chuanhong; Lv, Jianzhen; Wang, Yi

doi:10.3923/javaa.2012.20.25

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Amygdalin, danh pháp IUPAC là [(6-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl) oxy] (phenyl)acetonitril, được phân lập lần đầu tiên vào năm 1830 bởi các nhà hóa sinh người Pháp Robiquet và Boutron -Chalard và được nghiên cứu chi tiết bởi nhà hóa học người Đức Emil Fisher. Với các thí nghiệm trên tế bào Tạp chí Kiểm nghiệm và An toàn thực phẩm -tập 6, số 1, 2023 in vitro, amygdalin được chứng minh có nhiều hoạt tính sinh học như ức chế xơ hóa thận [2], ức chế hình thành mạch [3], điều hòa nội tiết [4], điều hòa miễn dịch [5], tác dụng bảo vệ dạ dày [6], chống xơ vữa động mạch [7], bảo vệ thần kinh và chống cholinesterase [8].…”

Section: đặT Vấn đềunclassified

Determination of amygdalin in kernels and their products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Ha¹,

Trung²,

Thi³

et al. 2023

VJFC

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Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glycoside, a natural toxicant in Rosaceae spp. such as almonds, peaches, and apricots, and may appear in products containing them. Amygdalin, after being absorbed into the body, will be hydrolyzed and release hydrocyanic acid, which is capable of causing poisoning in humans. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with negative mode electrospray ionization and multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to develop and validate a method for determining amygdalin on food according to AOAC guidelines. Chloramphenicol was chosen as the internal standard. The mobile phase consists of two channels: channel A (formic acid 0.1%), channel B (acetonitril) and the solid phase is symmetry C18 column (3 mm × 150 mm, 3.5 μm). The method has been validated according to AOAC 2016 guidelines. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of amygdalin in food was 15 and 50 μg/kg, respectively. The linearity ranges from 1.68 to 33.6 ng/mL. Recovery was from 86.2 to 110.0 %, and the relative standard was from 2.8 to 5.0 %. The validated method is applied to determine amygdalin content in some kernels and their products on Hanoi's market.  

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Section: đặT Vấn đềunclassified

Determination of amygdalin in kernels and their products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Ha¹,

Trung²,

Thi³

et al. 2023

VJFC

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“…dramatically decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 levels. Amygdalin inhibited plaque formation by inducing apoptosis in apolipoprotein E/mice [ 107 ] and stopping the body from making and using Toll-like receptors, slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Serum levels of ALT, AST, and lipid transaminases were shown to be elevated when amygdalin (3 g kg −1 , i.p.)…”

Section: Anticancer Therapeutic Effectiveness Of Amygdalinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdalin: A Review on Its Characteristics, Antioxidant Potential, Gastrointestinal Microbiota Intervention, Anticancer Therapeutic and Mechanisms, Toxicity, and Encapsulation

et al. 2022

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Bioactive amygdalin, found in high concentrations in bitter almonds, has been recognized as a symbol of the cyanogenic glycoside chemical organic substance, which was initially developed as a pharmaceutical for treating cancer after being hydrolyzed to hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Regrettably, research has shown that HCN can also damage normal cells, rendering it non-toxic to the human body. Extreme controversy surrounds both in vivo and in vitro studies, making its use risky. This review provides an extensive update on characteristics, antioxidant potential, gastrointestinal microbiota intervention, anticancer therapeutic, mechanisms, toxicity, and encapsulation of amygdalin. Antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-fibrotic, antiatherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and analgesic characteristics, and the ability to improve digestive and reproductive systems, neurodegeneration, and cardiac hypertrophy are just some of the benefits of amygdalin. Studies verified the HCN-produced amygdalin to be harmful orally, but only at very high doses. Although intravenous treatment was less effective than the oral method, the oral route has a dose range of 0.6 to 1 g daily. Amygdalin’s toxicity depends heavily on the variety of bacteria in the digestive tract. Unfortunately, there is currently no foolproof method for determining the microbial consortium and providing a safe oral dosage for every patient. Amygdalin encapsulation in alginate-chitosan nanoparticles (ACNPs) is a relatively new area of research. Amygdalin has an enhanced cytotoxic effect on malignant cells, and ACNPs can be employed as an active drug-delivery system to release this compound in a regulated, sustained manner without causing any harm to healthy cells or tissues. In conclusion, a large area of research for a substance that might be the next step in cancer therapy is opened up due to unverified and conflicting data.

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Amygdalin - A pharmacological and toxicological review

Wang

et al. 2020

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects Mediated by the Combination of Probucol and Amygdalin in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice Fed with a High Fat Diet

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Determination of amygdalin in kernels and their products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Determination of amygdalin in kernels and their products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Amygdalin: A Review on Its Characteristics, Antioxidant Potential, Gastrointestinal Microbiota Intervention, Anticancer Therapeutic and Mechanisms, Toxicity, and Encapsulation

Amygdalin - A pharmacological and toxicological review

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