Anti-Asian discrimination and antiracist bystander behaviors amid the COVID-19 outbreak.

Lui, P. Priscilla; Parikh, Kish; Katedia, Shefali; Jouriles, Ernest N.

doi:10.1037/aap0000258

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The locus of control, specifically, is defined as how much the person believes they have control over the situation as opposed to being controlled by external factors [ 45 ]. For Asian students, it is highly likely that they had experienced racial discriminatory incidents that were not well acknowledged in the past [ 46 , 47 ], and this might not be applicable to non-Asian students. This could create heightened levels of perceived stress as well as higher usage of various coping strategies by Asian students and increase the likelihood of them seeking social conformity and support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is likely due to the specific nature of COVID-19-fueled anti-Asian racism. Although Asian Americans have likely experienced other forms of racism in the past [ 47 , 48 , 49 ], COVID-19-fueled anti-Asian racism has been so unique that the Asian-American community may not have been prepared for it. Not knowing how to approach and process these racist incidents might lead to higher engagement in avoidance-coping strategies or coping strategies that focus on alleviating personal unpleasant emotions [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnic Differences in Response to COVID-19: A Study of American-Asian and Non-Asian College Students

Zhao

Ding

Chekired

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

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Asian American students have experienced additional physical and emotional hardships associated with the COVID-19 pandemic due to increased xenophobic and anti-Asian discrimination. This study investigates different coping patterns and risk factors affecting Asian and non-Asian college students in response to COVID-19 challenges by studying the differences in their responses within four domains after the onset of the pandemic: academic adjustment, emotional adjustment, social support, and discriminatory impacts related to COVID-19. We first employed a machine learning approach to identify well-adjusted and poorly adjusted students in each of the four domains for the Asian and non-Asian groups, respectively. Next, we applied the SHAP method to study the principal risk factors associated with each classification task and analyzed the differences between the two groups. We based our study on a proprietary survey dataset collected from U.S. college students during the initial peak of the pandemic. Our findings provide insights into the risk factors and their directional impact affecting Asian and non-Asian students’ well-being during the pandemic. The results could help universities establish customized strategies to support these two groups of students in this era of uncertainty. Applications for international communities are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Differences in Response to COVID-19: A Study of American-Asian and Non-Asian College Students

Zhao

Ding

Chekired

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

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“…It does not mean that everyone in the population embraced this increase in prejudice. There were for example many supportive individuals and organizations that helped the Chinese community during the pandemic (Macguire, 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.901352 Frontiers in Psychology 04 frontiersin.org 2020; Chan, 2021;Lui et al, 2021). Thus, asking whether there was a general increase in prejudice or not over the course of the pandemic is not sufficient.…”

Section: Covid-19 and The Increase In Prejudice Against Chinese Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19, economic threat and identity status: Stability and change in prejudice against Chinese people within the Canadian population

Ferrante

Lacourse²,

Dorfman³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectivesPrevious studies found a general increase in prejudice against Chinese people during the first months of the pandemic. The present study aims to consider inter-individual heterogeneity in stability and change regarding prejudice involving Chinese people during the pandemic. The first objective is to identify and describe different trajectories of prejudice over a seven-month period during the pandemic. The second and third objectives are to test the association between trajectory group membership and antecedent variables such as: socio-demographic factors (i.e., age, gender, political affiliation) and two psychological mechanisms, namely economic threat and global citizenship identification.MethodsA representative Canadian sample (N = 3,617) according to age, gender and province of residence, was recruited for a 10-wave survey starting from April 2020 to December 2020. First, a group-based modeling approach was used to identify trajectories of prejudice. Second, a multinomial logistic regression model was used to test associations between membership in trajectories and antecedents.ResultsFour trajectories were identified. The first three trajectories have a low (71.4% of the sample), high (18.5%) or very high (5.3%) level of prejudice against Chinese people which is relatively stable over time. The fourth trajectory (4.9%) reports low levels of prejudice in favor of Chinese people which become more positive throughout 2020. Regarding socio-demographic factors: gender is not associated with trajectory group membership, younger people are more likely to follow the trajectory in favor of Chinese people and conservatives are more likely to follow the highest trajectories against Chinese people. Regarding some psychological mechanisms: personal but not collective economic threat is associated with the trajectory in favor of Chinese people. Finally, the highest levels of prejudice are found when the strategy of identification is more local rather than global.ConclusionThe present study shows that Canadians differ in terms of both their level and change in prejudice against Chinese people throughout the pandemic with some socio-demographic groups being more likely than others to be associated with prejudice. The results also suggest that a promising way to tackle the major social issue of prejudice is to highlight a vision of the world where individuals are all “global citizens” facing the same challenge.

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“…Data came from baseline survey responses col lected as a part of a shortterm longitudinal survey study examining people's experiences with stress, discrimination, and health behaviors during the COVID19 pandemic. Asian American participants were oversampled for the study design to address other research questions related to antiAsian discrimination amid the COVID19 pandemic (Lui et al, 2021a(Lui et al, , 2021b. Thus, we specified quotas to recruit Asian Americans to make up 50% of the sample, and other major ethnoracial groups (i.e., Black/African American, Hispanic/Latinx, and White/European American) to make up 15% of the sample, respectively.…”

Section: Data Collection Procedures and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement Invariance Analysis on the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale in a U.S. and Japanese College Sample

Nakai¹,

Gurung²

2021

PsiChiJournal

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In the present study, we tested the factor structure of the 20-item Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale (RCBS; Cheek & Melichor, 1985) in a U.S. sample and used measurement invariance analysis to explore its cross-cultural validity in a previously collected Japanese sample (Sato et al., 2018). We additionally measured related personality traits (Big Five; Locus of Control, LOC; and Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System, BIS/BAS) to examine whether each predicted shyness. Participants were undergraduate students in the United States (N = 525) and Japan (N = 508). Exploratory factor analysis (n = 261) revealed a unidimensional structure for shyness to be the best fit. Measurement invariance analysis (n = 256 for United States) showed that the RCBS did not establish configural invariance, the weakest level in measurement invariance, suggesting that it may not be a cross-culturally valid and reliable tool to assess shyness. We thus did not perform any cross-cultural comparisons of variables, as initially intended. Results from a hierarchical multiple regression in the U.S. sample foundextraversion to negatively predict shyness, β = −.59, p < .001, and neuroticism, β = .18, p < .001, LOC (external), β = .14, p < .001, and BIS, β = .19, p < .001, to positively predict shyness. Gender was not a significant predictor, β = .09, p = .075. Future work may focus on the development of a Japanese shyness measure independent from U.S. conceptualizations to improve the cross-cultural validity and reliability of shyness measures.

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Anti-Asian discrimination and antiracist bystander behaviors amid the COVID-19 outbreak.

Cited by 13 publications

References 61 publications

Ethnic Differences in Response to COVID-19: A Study of American-Asian and Non-Asian College Students

Ethnic Differences in Response to COVID-19: A Study of American-Asian and Non-Asian College Students

COVID-19, economic threat and identity status: Stability and change in prejudice against Chinese people within the Canadian population

Measurement Invariance Analysis on the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale in a U.S. and Japanese College Sample

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