Anti-Ageing Effect of Physalis alkekengi Ethyl Acetate Layer on a d-galactose-Induced Mouse Model through the Reduction of Cellular Senescence and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

We aimed to study the effects of an ethyl acetate fraction of Physalis alkekengi (PAE) on d-galactose (d-gal)-induced senescence and the underlying mechanism. Firstly, analysis of the phytochemical composition revealed total flavonoids, total phenolics, total saponins, rutin, and luteolin contents of 71.72 ± 2.99 mg rutin equivalents/g, 40.19 ± 0.47 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, 128.13 ± 1.04 mg oleanolic acid equivalents/g, 1.67 ± 0.07 mg/g and 1.61 ± 0.01 mg/g, respectively. The mice were treated with d-gal for six weeks, and from the fifth week, the mice were administered with PAE by gavage once a day for five weeks. We found significant d-gal-induced ageing-related changes, such as learning and memory impairment in novel object recognition and Y-maze, fatigue in weight-loaded forced swimming, reduced thymus coefficient, and histopathological injury of the liver, spleen, and hippocampus. The PAE effectively protected from such changes. Further evaluation showed that PAE decreased the senescence-associated β-galactosidase of the liver, spleen, and hippocampus, as well as the oxidative stress of the liver, plasma, and brain. The abundance of flavonoids, phenols, and saponins in PAE may have contributed to the above results. Overall, this study showed the potential application of PAE for the prevention or treatment of ageing-associated disorders.

Licochalcone D Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence via AMPK Activation

“…Oxidative stress is a type of SIPS that can develop senescence faster than replicative senescence and has been extensively used to study the influence of extracellular and intracellular stress on the aging process. H 2 O 2 and D-Gal are well-known inducers of oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo, respectively [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 43 , 44 ]. The present study was designed to assess the anti-senescence effect of Lico D in H 2 O 2 induced senescence model in vitro and a D-Gal-induced senescence model in vivo.…”

“…Conversely, clearance of these senescent cells can increase the health and lifespan of old mice [ 5 ]. Cellular senescence can occur naturally in vitro and in vivo and can be induced by cells or animals subjected to oxidative stress from substances such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ] and D-galactose (D-Gal) [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. This type of senescence is called stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS).…”

Skeletal Aging and Osteoporosis: Mechanisms and Therapeutics

“…Several novel drugs have been explored as senolytic, including Dasatinib (D), Quercetin (Q), D+Q [213], Luteolin [214], Fisetin [215,216], Navitoclax (ABT263) [217], BCL-XL inhibitors [216], HSP90 inhibitors [212] Piperlongumine [218], RG7112 [219], O-Vanillin [219], ABT-737 [220], and CD153 Vaccine [221] and aspirin [222,223], reviewed by Robbins et al recently [224] (Figure 2).…”

Mulberry polyphenol extracts attenuated senescence through inhibition of Ras/ERK via promoting Ras degradation in VSMC

“…Exposure to ethanol extracts from the leaves of Humulus japonicus increased the lifespan of yeast cells through the enhanced expression of longevity-related proteins, such as sirtuin 1 and AMP-dependent protein kinase [6]. Administration of ethyl acetate extracts from Physalis alkekengin (PAE) significantly reversed D-galactose-induced ageing-related impairment of neuron functions [7]. Moreover, PAE also attenuated D-galactose triggered senescence by diminished oxidative stress [7].…”

“…Administration of ethyl acetate extracts from Physalis alkekengin (PAE) significantly reversed D-galactose-induced ageing-related impairment of neuron functions [7]. Moreover, PAE also attenuated D-galactose triggered senescence by diminished oxidative stress [7]. Treatment with coffee silverskin aqueous extract clearly inhibited tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced ageing in HaCaT cells and promoted longer longevity in Caenorhabditis elegan [8].…”