Anti-adhesive activity of sulphated exopolysaccharides of microalgae on attachment of red sore disease-associated bacteria and Helicobacter pylori to tissue culture cells

Abstract

Because of the affinity of certain bacterial species for sulphated glycoconjugates exposed on the epithelial cells of susceptible hosts, we hypothesized that sulphated exopolysaccharides of microalgae can be used in anti‐adhesive therapies against bacterial infections, both in cold‐ and warm‐blooded animals. In this study we found that adhesion of the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori to the HeLa S3 cell line, and adhesion of the fish pathogens Vibrio campbellii, V. ordalii, Streptococcus saprophyticus, and Aeromonas veronii to spotted sand bass primary tissue culture cells, can be effectively blocked with the various sulphated exopolysaccharides used.

Bioactivity and Applications of Sulphated Polysaccharides from Marine Microalgae

“…As a matter of fact, several sPS presented greater inhibition of the adherence of both Helicobacter pylori to HeLa S3 cell line and three fish pathogens to spotted sand bass gills, gut, and skin cultured cells [30] (Table 4). …”

“…Prophylactic therapy in microbial infections might also be a promising activity as exopolysaccharides from marine microalgae have already shown the ability to block microbial cytoadhesion to host cells [30] and to inhibit growth of Salmonella enteritidis [50]. …”

Stopping Bacterial Adhesion: A Novel Approach to Treating Infections

“…Many marine organisms are sessile or slow moving and are thus even more vulnerable to predation, fouling and pathogenic organisms. Therefore, it is unsurprising that aquatic organisms have developed an impressive array of secreted compounds including mucins [8,75,76,77], lytic compounds [78, 79], bioactive peptides [80,81,82,83,84,85], toxins, carbohydrate antiadhesives [8, 86], lectins [12, 87] and physicochemical characteristics to reduce the potential for adhesion [88]. It is remarkable how effective such a combination of mechanisms can be in preventing fouling of the surface of species such as echinoderms; the role of secreted antiadhesives are likely to play a primary role, despite the obvious need for multiple mechanisms to prevent surface adhesion.…”

“…In vitro studies have demonstrated the sialic-containing oligosaccharides to be effective in preventing adhesion to gastric epithelial cells [59, 151]. Heparin, heparan sulphate and fucoidin inhibit adhesion to macrophages [139], and binding to HeLa cells is inhibited by sulphated exopolysaccharides from microalgae [86]. Glycosylated compounds from okra [152] were shown to prevent binding of H. pylori to human gastric mucosa, and a high molecular weight component of cranberry juice inhibits adhesion to gastric epithelial cells [153].…”

Marine Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Applications: An Overview

“…Obtaining sulfated polysaccharides from algae has made development of biotechnology for obtaining new therapeutic products easier. The use of bioactive compounds from microalgae has been considered recently as an alternative to prevent microbial infections in animals and humans and to decrease the use of antibiotics [169]. Ascencio et al .…”