Anthropometric variables, physical activity and dietary intakes of patients with uric acid nephrolithiasis

Trinchieri, Alberto; Croppi, Emanuele; Simonelli, Giovanni; Sciorio, Carmine; Montanari, Emanuele

doi:10.1007/s00240-019-01138-w

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In some countries, the high frequency of uric acid-containing stones may be explained by the effect of dietary factors that contribute to the risk of uric acid stone formation [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney Stone Composition in Various Country Around the World

Halinski

Popov

Bhattikam

et al. 2021

Preprint

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To compare urinary stone composition patterns in different populations around the world in relation to the structure of their population, dietary habits, and climate. 1204 adult patients with urolithiasis and stone analysis was included . International websites were searched to obtain data. We observed 710(59%) patients with calcium oxalate, 31(1%) calcium phosphate, 161(13%) mixed calcium oxalate/calcium phosphate, 15(1%) carbapatite, 110(9%) uric acid, 7(<1%) urate, 100(9%) mixed uric acid/ calcium oxalate, 56(5%) struvite and 14(1%) cystine stones. Calcium stones were the most common in all countries (up to 91%) with the highest rates in Canada and China. Oxalate stones were more common than phosphate or mixed phosphate/oxalate stones except Egypt and India. The rate of uric acid stones, being higher in Egypt, India, Pakistan, Iraq, Poland, and Bulgaria. Struvite stones occurred in less than 5% except India (23%) and Pakistan (16%). Cystine stones occurred in 1%. The frequency of different types of urinary stones varies from country to country. Calcium stones are prevalent in all countries. Uric acid stones seems to depend mainly on climatic factors, being higher in countries with desert or tropical climates. Dietary patterns can also lead to an increase it. Struvite stones are decreasing in most countries.

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“…In some countries, the high frequency of uric acid-containing stones may be explained by the effect of dietary factors that contribute to the risk of uric acid stone formation [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney Stone Composition in Various Country Around the World

Halinski

Popov

Bhattikam

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…In contrast, an ovo-lacto-vegetarian diet has been shown to increase urinary pH and alleviate the supersaturation of UA due to the strong alkalizing potential of fruits and vegetables [ 33 ]. Dietary protein intake has been reported to be higher in patients with UA urolithiasis than in non-stone forming subjects [ 20 ]. In the present study, urinary pH increased significantly under the balanced mixed diet, probably in response to the lower dietary acid load from animal protein intake, which is reflected by decreased urinary phosphate and sulfate excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low urine volume additionally contributes to UA stone formation by increasing urinary concentration and supersaturation of UA. UA nephrolithiasis has been associated with several components of the metabolic syndrome including abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Risk Profile, Impact of Diet, and Risk of Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis in Idiopathic Uric Acid Stone Disease

2023

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The role of diet in the pathogenesis of uric acid (UA) nephrolithiasis is incompletely understood. This study investigated the effect of dietary intervention on the risk of UA stone formation under standardized conditions. Twenty patients with idiopathic UA stone disease were included in the study. Dietary intake and 24 h urinary parameters were collected on the usual diet of the patients and a standardized balanced mixed diet. Although urinary UA excretion did not change, the relative supersaturation of UA decreased significantly by 47% under the balanced diet primarily due to the significant increase in urine volume and pH. Urinary pH was below 5.8 in 85% of patients under the usual diet, and in 60% of patients under the balanced diet. The supersaturation of calcium oxalate declined significantly under the balanced diet due to the significant decrease in urinary calcium and oxalate excretion and the increase in urine volume. Dietary intervention is a key component in the management of UA nephrolithiasis. Urinary calcium and oxalate excretion should also be monitored in patients with pure UA calculi to reduce the risk of mixed stone formation with calcium oxalate. Lower urinary pH in UA stone patients can only be partially explained by diet.

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“…There is a long history of associations between insulin resistance, features of the metabolic syndrome with UA urolithiasis and low urine pH 15,16 ; more recent findings are highlighted. An Italian study showed higher levels of serum glucose and triglycerides and an independent Chinese report found higher triglyceride levels in UA acid stone formers 17,18 . The inverse relationship between body mass index and 24-hour urine pH reported by multiple investigators [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] was recently expanded to pediatric stone formers 22 .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 91%