Anthropometric Study of the Stomach

Abstract

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. IntroductionThe main treatment of gastric cancer is surgical resection and lymph node dissection. The extents of gastrectomy and lymph node dissection for gastric cancer are determined based on the primary tumor location according to the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) guideline.1 The location and size of the stomach were reported to be dependent on several factors. A previous study on stomach size compared Westerners andAsians. 6 This comparative study between Japanese and Americans was performed to identify the gastric characteristics of the two groups. The Japanese subjects had a longer and more floating stomach. As this study was conducted many years ago, its data are inadequate for application in modern times. Although the gastric cancer incidence in Asian countries is high, anthropometric data regarding the stomach size of Asian patients with gastric cancer are lacking.As national screening for gastric cancer has been popular Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish an anthropometric reference of the stomach for gastric cancer surgery and a modeling formula to predict stomach length. Materials and Methods: Data were retrieved for 851 patients who underwent total gastrectomy at the Seoul National University Hospital between 2008 and 2013. Clinicopathological data and measurements from a formalin-fixed specimen were reviewed. The lengths (cm) of the greater curvature (GC) and lesser curvature (LC) were measured. Anthropometric data of the stomach were compared according to age, body weight, height (cm), and body mass index. To predict stomach length, two multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: The mean lengths of the GC and LC were 22.2±3.1 cm and 16.3±2.6 cm, respectively. The men's GC length was significantly greater than the women's (22.4±3.1 cm vs. 21.2±2.9 cm, P=0.003). Patients aged >70 years showed significantly longer LC than those aged <50 years (16.9±2.9 cm vs. 15.9±2.4 cm, P=0.002). Patients with body weights >70 kg showed significantly longer GC than those with body weights <55 kg (23.0±2.9 cm vs. 21.4±3.2cm, P<0.001). In the predicted models, 4.11% of the GC was accounted for by age and weight; and 4.94% of the LC, by age, sex, height, and weight. Conclusions: Sex, age, height, and body weight were associated with the length of the LC, while sex and body weight were the only factors that were associated with the length of the GC. However, the prediction model was not sufficiently strong.

A Study of Variations of the Stomach in Adults and Growth of the Fetal Stomach

“…GC showed gender specificity with a p-value of 0.003, indicating that GC is significantly increased in males compared to females. Similar findings were reported by Lee EG et al, and it was concluded that the length and GC of the stomach were more in males and affected by the BMI of patients [ 11 ]. In contrast, Csendes A and Burgos AM reported that the length of the GC is reduced in high morbid cases compared to controls.…”

Intra- and interindividual variability in fasted gastric content volume

“…However, variations in stomach size were not related to age, body height or weight 63 . In contrast, Lee et al 64 found that sex, age, height and body weight were associated with the length of the lesser curvature, and sex and weight with the length of the greater curvature. They found that men have longer stomachs compared to women, although it is noteworthy that this study was performed on stomachs removed during total gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients.…”

Correlation Between Preoperative Gastric Volume and Weight Loss After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

“…The greater curvature was significantly longer in patients with more severe obesity. 31 Another study compared stomach size and volume in obese and non-obese individuals and found no significant difference. Moreover, patients with obesity had significantly smaller greater curvatures.…”