Anthropometric Measurements and Cognitive Impairment Rather Than Nutrition Status Are Associated With Sarcopenia in Long‐Term Care Residents

Rodríguez-Rejón, Ana Isabel; Artacho, Reyes; Ruiz-López, María Dolores

doi:10.1002/ncp.10370

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The four electrodes were placed distally, two on the hands and two on the feet on the same side of the body. Resistance and reactance were measured at a low intensity alternating current and a frequency of 50 kHz, according to previously described methodology [ 31 ]. From the resistance and reactance, the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASMM) was determined, according to the following equation of Sergi et al (2015) [ 32 ]: ASMM (kg) = −3.965 + (0.222 × RI) + (0.095 × weight) + (1.384 × sex) + (0.064 × Xc).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calf Circumference, a Valuable Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Older People Hospitalized with Hip Fracture

Borges

Artacho

Jodar-Graus³

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Sarcopenia is an important risk factor for hip fracture in older people. Nevertheless, this condition is overlooked in clinical practice. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with sarcopenia among older patients hospitalized for hip fracture, to identify a predictive model of sarcopenia based on variables related to this condition, and to evaluate the performance of screening tools in order to choose the most suitable to be adopted in routine care of older people with hip fracture. A cross-sectional study was undertaken with 90 patients (mean age 83.4 ± 7.2 years), by assessing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric measures, such as body mass index (BMI) and calf circumference (CC), the functional status (Barthel Index), the nutritional status (MNA-SF), and the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MEDAS). Diagnosis of sarcopenia was established according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). The analysis of variables associated with sarcopenia was performed using multivariate logistic regression models. Clusters of sarcopenia were explored with heatmaps and predictive risk models were estimated. Sarcopenia was confirmed in 30% of hip fracture patients. Variables with the strongest association with sarcopenia were BMI (OR = 0.79 [0.68–0.91], p < 0.05) and CC (OR = 0.64 [0.51–0.81], p < 0.01). CC showed a relatively high predictive capacity of sarcopenia (area under the curve: AUC = 0.82). Furthermore, CC could be a valuable tool to predict sarcopenia risk compared with the currently used screening tools, SARC-F and SARC-CalF (AUC, 0.819 vs. 0.734 and 0.576, respectively). More studies are needed to validate these findings in external study populations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calf Circumference, a Valuable Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Older People Hospitalized with Hip Fracture

Borges

Artacho

Jodar-Graus³

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Meta‐analysis on the interrelationship between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia

Amini,

Ibn Hach,

Lapauw

et al. 2024

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Sarcopenia has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including cognitive dysfunction. However, its specific interrelationship with neurocognitive disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other types of dementia has not been thoroughly explored. This meta‐analysis aims to summarize the existing evidence on this interrelationship. This systematic review was pre‐registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022366309) and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses 2020 guidelines. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, SPORTDiscus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the data registry ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to 8 June 2023. Observational studies (cross‐sectional and cohort) and interventional studies reporting on the association and prevalence of sarcopenia in MCI, AD or other types of dementia in adults ≥50 years were included. For the meta‐analysis, pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the association of sarcopenia with the neurocognitive disorders using random‐effects/fixed‐effects models. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. A total of 77 studies consisting of 92 058 subjects were finally included in the qualitative analysis (71 cross‐sectional, 4 cohort and 2 interventional studies). Studies were heterogeneous, using different diagnostic criteria to define both sarcopenia and cognitive status. The majority of studies (n = 38) included Asian community‐dwelling older adults. Most studies investigated the association of sarcopenia with AD (33/77) and MCI (32/77). For studies focusing on other forms of dementia, two studies included Lewy body dementia and one study included Parkinson's dementia, whereas the remaining studies did not specify dementia aetiology (n = 21). Three cohort studies explored the association between sarcopenia and incident MCI, whereas only one cohort study explored the association between dementia and incident sarcopenia. Two interventional studies investigated whether an exercise programme could prevent the progression of sarcopenia in older adults with dementia or AD. The information for the meta‐analysis was extracted from 26 studies. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with MCI (pooled OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.42–1.76) (n = 14), AD (pooled OR = 2.97, 95% CI 2.15–4.08) (n = 3) and non‐AD dementia (pooled OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.09–2.58) (n = 9). The significance and magnitude of the associations differed in subgroup analyses by study design, population, definition of sarcopenia or used tool to measure cognitive status. This meta‐analysis showed that sarcopenia is significantly associated with MCI, AD and other types of dementia. These findings suggest the importance of early screening and prevention of sarcopenia in older people with cognitive dysfunction, although further longitudinal research is needed to clarify the causal relationship.

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Nutritional Assessment in Older Adults: MNA® 25 years of a Screening Tool & a Reference Standard for Care and Research; What Next?

Guigoz

Vellas

2021

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

105

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A tool to assess nutritional status in older persons was really needed. It took 5 years to design the MNA® (Mini Nutrition Assessment) tool, complete the first validations studies both in Europe and in the U.S. and to publish it. After the full MNA®, the MNA® short form and the self-MNA® have been validated. As well as Chinese and other national MNA® forms. Now more than 2000 clinical research have used the MNA® all over the world from community care to hospital. At least 22 Expert groups included the MNA® in new clinical practice guidelines, national or international registries. The MNA® is presently included in almost all geriatric and nutrition textbook and part of the teaching program for medicine and other health care professional worldwide. The urgent need is to target the frail older adults more likely to have weight loss and poor appetite and to prevent frailty and weight loss in the robust. We present in this paper the review of 30 years of clinical research and practice using the MNA® worldwide.

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Anthropometric Measurements and Cognitive Impairment Rather Than Nutrition Status Are Associated With Sarcopenia in Long‐Term Care Residents

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Calf Circumference, a Valuable Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Older People Hospitalized with Hip Fracture

Calf Circumference, a Valuable Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Older People Hospitalized with Hip Fracture

Meta‐analysis on the interrelationship between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia

Nutritional Assessment in Older Adults: MNA® 25 years of a Screening Tool & a Reference Standard for Care and Research; What Next?

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