Anthropometric Indicators as Body Fat Discriminators in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alves, Carlos Alencar Souza; Mocellin, Michel Carlos; Gonçalves, Eliane Cunha; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Trindade, Erasmo B. S. de M.

doi:10.3945/an.117.015446

Cited by 89 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…The review performed by Junior [10] concludes that BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio are body fat discriminators in children and adolescents with low operational costs. Another study performed by Sardinha [20] suggests that triceps fold gives the best result in order to define the relationship between BMI and percentage of body fat in healthy boys and girls aged 10 to 15 years, whereas BMI and upper arm girth are reasonable second choices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study performed by Sardinha [20] suggests that triceps fold gives the best result in order to define the relationship between BMI and percentage of body fat in healthy boys and girls aged 10 to 15 years, whereas BMI and upper arm girth are reasonable second choices. Both studies suggest specific cutoffs by age group and sex; however, these parameters should be utilized with caution in the evaluation of young athletes [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During clinical practice or in sports fields, a simple and low-cost procedure is required to discriminate overweight with low levels of FM from overweight with overfat. For this reason, Junior [10] recommended the use of waist circumferences (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WTHR) in addition to BMI in order to body fat discriminators in children and adolescents in both sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overweight in Young Athletes: New Predictive Model of Overfat Condition

Mascherini

Petri

Ermini

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The aim of the study is to establish a simple and low-cost method that, associated with Body Mass Index (BMI), differentiates overweight conditions due to a prevalence of lean mass compared to an excess of fat mass during the evaluation of young athletes. 1046 young athletes (620 male, 426 female) aged between eight and 18 were enrolled. Body composition assessments were performed with anthropometry, circumferences, skinfold, and bioimpedance. Overweight was established with BMI, while overfat was established with the percentage of fat mass: 3.5% were underweight, 72.8% were normal weight, 20.1% were overweight, and 3.5% were obese according to BMI; according to the fat mass, 9.5% were under fat, 63.6% were normal fat, 16.2% were overfat, and 10.8% were obese. Differences in overfat prediction were found using BMI alone or with the addition of the triceps fold (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) for BMI = 0.867 vs. AUC for BMI + TRICEPS = 0.955, p < 0.001). These results allowed the creation of a model factoring in age, sex, BMI, and triceps fold that could provide the probability that a young overweight athlete is also in an overfat condition. The calculated probability could reduce the risk of error in establishing the correct weight status of young athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overweight in Young Athletes: New Predictive Model of Overfat Condition

Mascherini

Petri

Ermini

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…In infants (1, 4, and 7 months old), Bell et al [39] found that BMI is limited as a surrogate for adiposity and (especially) adiposity changes. However, there is still controversy [40, 41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric and clinical correlates of fat mass in healthy term infants at 6 months of age

et al. 2019

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Background Body composition in infancy plays a central role in the programming of metabolic diseases. Fat mass (FM) is determined by personal and environmental factors. Anthropometric measurements allow for estimations of FM in many age groups; however, correlations of these measurements with FM in early stages of life are scarcely reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthropometric and clinical correlates of FM in healthy term infants at 6 months of age. Methods Healthy term newborns ( n = 102) from a prospective cohort. Weight, length, skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular and the sum -SFS-) and waist circumference (WC) were measured at 6 months. Body mass index (BMI) and WC/length ratio were computed. Type of feeding during the first 6 months of age was recorded. Air displacement plethysmography was used to asses FM (percentage -%-) and FM index (FMI) was calculated. Correlations and general linear models were performed to evaluate associations. Results Significant correlations were observed between all anthropometric measurements and FM (% and index)( p < 0.001). Exclusive/predominant breastfed infants had higher FM and anthropometric measurements at 6 months. Models that showed the strongest associations with FM (% and index) were SFS + WC + sex + type of feeding. Conclusions Anthropometry showed good correlations with FM at 6 months of age. Skinfolds sum and waist circumference were the strongest anthropometric variables associated to FM. Exclusive/predominant breastfeeding was strongly associated with FM.

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“…Body composition measurement tools and machines have better accuracy, but are more expensive and their usage is mostly limited to research purposes. 12,13 In addition, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), a body composition measurement tool to assess fat distribution, is accurate, easy to use, comfortable for subjects, and relatively affordable. 13 Body fat and fat distribution are determining factors of menarcheal age that can be modified through lifestyle changes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Age at menarche and body fat in adolescent girls

Pulungan

Nugraheni

Advani

et al. 2020

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Background Menarcheal age is important in adolescent girls due to its associations with health outcomes at adulthood. Modifiable factors that may influence menarcheal age include body fat mass and fat distribution. Objective: To investigate possible correlations between body fat mass and fat distribution with age at menarche in adolescent girls. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study on 32 girls aged 10-15 years in Central Jakarta, who experienced menarche within the time period of July to September 2019. Data on menarcheal age was collected by recall. Body fat mass and distribution were calculated using anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) results. Results The mean age of study subjects was 12.06 (SD 0.82) years and the mean age at menarche was 11.91 (SD 0.83) years. Correlation tests revealed a moderate negative correlation between body mass index-for-age and menarcheal age (r= -0.45; P=0.01) and weak negative correlation between waist-height ratio and menarcheal age (r= -0.37; P=0.03). Conclusion Menarcheal age is correlated with body mass index-for-age and waist-height ratio. However, no significant correlations between menarcheal age and body fat mass or distribution are found.

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Anthropometric Indicators as Body Fat Discriminators in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 89 publications

References 19 publications

Overweight in Young Athletes: New Predictive Model of Overfat Condition

Overweight in Young Athletes: New Predictive Model of Overfat Condition

Anthropometric and clinical correlates of fat mass in healthy term infants at 6 months of age

Age at menarche and body fat in adolescent girls

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