Anthropometric cartography: constructing Scottish racial identity in the early twentieth century

The Molecular Turn in Conservation: Genetics, Pristine Nature, and the Rediscovery of an Extinct Species of Galápagos Giant Tortoise

“…Genetic essentializations of human spatial belonging are a project of geographic representation through which understandings of relatedness and difference are produced (Nash 2005(Nash , 2012(Nash , 2013Livingstone 2010). Study of human origins has sparked intense political debates over national, class, and ethnic identities, as well as the reinscription of race as a biological category (Winlow 2001(Winlow , 2006Marks 2002;Benjamin 2009;Schwartz-Mar ın and Silva-Zolezzi 2010). In distinction to human ancestry tracing, genetic analyses of wildlife become political not through their implications for questions of identity but as they are used as a technology involved in the negotiation of conservation territories and their governance structures (cf.…”

Mapping the Contours of Race: Griffith Taylor's Zones and Strata Theory

“…Membership of anthropological and geographical societies overlapped in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and both groups became involved in the cartographic delineation of racial groups (Livingstone, 1992). This is illustrated by the work of well‐known geographers, such as Taylor, Ellsworth Huntington and Herbert John Fleure (Winlow, 1999) and was reflected in anthropological journals (Winlow, 1999, 2001). The geographical distribution of anthropometric traits formed a discourse of enquiry at the juncture of the disciplines of geography and anthropology.…”

“…Ripley in his tripartite racial scheme for Europe (Ripley, 1899; Winlow, 2006). In contrast, many maps were produced of separate anthropometric traits, without these necessarily being assigned to racial groups, a trend again present in Ripley's cartography (Winlow, 2006) and in those of British anthropologists James Tocher, John Gray and John Beddoe who mapped localised racial characteristics in Scotland (Winlow, 2001).…”

Regional Biopolitics

“…An early exercise in regional biopolitics can be found in past debates about the racial composition of the population In the second half of the nineteenth century racial theories were used not only to bolster assumptions of European superiority vis-à-vis the rest of the world, but also to analyse the geographical distribution of 'racial' (WINLOW, 2001(WINLOW, , 2006. As Young notes, the Victorians were 'far more preoccupied with a complex elaboration of European racial differences and 8 alliances than with what they perceived to be the relatively straightforward task of distinguishing between European and non-European races' (YOUNG, 2008, p. 13).…”