Anthropometric and Other Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer in a Case‐Control Study

Mori, Mitsuru; Nishida, Takashi; Sugiyama, Toru; Komai, Kan; Yakushiji, M; Fukuda, Koichi; Tanaka, Toshimitsu; Yokoyama, Masatoshi; Sugimori, Hajime

doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.1998.tb00555.x

Cited by 44 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…In a case-control study on OC in Japan, the OR of OC across increasing quartiles of the heaviest body weight were 1.00, 1.15, 1.71, 2.29. 17) We found the OR for OC of women who showed the highest level of change in BMI (≥2.50) was 1.37 (Table IV). Our study suggested that substantial weight gain from 20 years old is a common risk factor for these three sites of cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Comparative Case‐referent Study of Risk Factors among Hormone‐related Female Cancers in Japan

Hirose

Tajima

Hamajima

et al. 1999

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research

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To assess the impact of reproductive and anthropometric factors as a risk indicator for female cancers in hormone-related organs, i.e., the breast, endometrium and ovary, we conducted a comparative case-referent study using data from the Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Program at Aichi Cancer Center (HERPACC), Japan. The case group consisted of 1,465, 133 and 99 women who had first been diagnosed as having breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer, respectively. The referents were 25,488 female first-visit outpatients who had not previously been diagnosed with any type of cancer. The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using an unconditional logistic regression model. An inverse association with experience of delivery and a positive association with body mass index (BMI) and with change of BMI after 20 years of age, were observed consistently for all three cancer sites. We observed similar risk and protective factors for breast and endometrial cancer, but the effect of reproduction and overweight condition (BMI≥ ≥ ≥ ≥25) were more prominent in endometrial cancer. Although the present study failed to find site-specific risk factors for ovarian cancer, the results provided evidence that being overweight and/or weight gain in adult life is a common risk factor for all three cancer sites. The results obtained from this study suggested that avoidance of weight gain may reduce the risk of female hormone-related cancers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Comparative Case‐referent Study of Risk Factors among Hormone‐related Female Cancers in Japan

Hirose

Tajima

Hamajima

et al. 1999

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research

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“…Most case-control studies have reported no statistically significant associations between height and risk (9)(10)(11)(12)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Only one case-control study (22) observed a statistically significant elevated risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have investigated the association with ovarian cancer risk (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), but results are inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height, Body Mass Index, and Ovarian Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Cohort Studies

Schouten

Rivera

Hunter

et al. 2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

135

105

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Background: Although many studies have investigated the association between anthropometry and ovarian cancer risk, results have been inconsistent. Methods: The associations of height, body mass index (BMI), and ovarian cancer risk were examined in a pooled analysis of primary data from 12 prospective cohort studies from North America and Europe. The study population consisted of 531,583 women among whom 2,036 epithelial ovarian cancer cases were identified. To summarize associations, study-specific relative risks (RR) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then combined using a random-effects model. Results: Women with height z1.70 m had a pooled multivariate RR of 1.38 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.16-1.65] compared with those with height <1.60 m. For the same comparison, multivariate RRs were 1.79 (95% CI, 1.07-3.00) for premenopausal and

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“…However, it is uncertain whether epidemiologic findings obtained in Western countries may be generalized to the Japanese population. Few epidemiologic studies have been conducted in Japan (Inoue et al 1994;Hirose et al 1996;Mori et al 1998;Hirose et al 1999;Okamura et al 2006). Thus, risk factors of gynecologic cancers have not been fully clarified in Japanese population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Smoking, Earlier Menarche and Low Parity as Independent Risk Factors for Gynecologic Cancers in Japanese: A Case-Control Study

Fujita

Tase

Kakugawa

et al. 2008

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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During recent decades, the incidence of gynecologic cancers, i.e., cancers of the cervix, endometrium and ovary, has increased in Japan. However, risk factors of gynecologic cancers have not been fully clarified in Japan. To investigate common and site-specific risk factors among gynecologic cancers, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study. The cases, i.e., 151 cervical, 103 endometrial and 141 ovarian cancer cases and the controls (n = 2016) were selected from female patients aged 30 and over, who were admitted to a single hospital in Miyagi Prefecture from 1997 to 2003. Information on reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use, and lifestyles including smoking was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Smoking was significantly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. A dose-response relationship with the number of cigarettes per day was also observed (p for trend = 0.004). Older age at menarche was associated with a decreased risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers. For these cancers, the decreased risk was detected with increasing parity number (endometrium, p for trend = 0.0001; ovary, p = 0.0002). There was no significant association between exogenous hormone use and gynecologic cancer risk. The results indicate that smoking is a major risk factor of cervical cancer. In addition, hormonal factors, which are related to early onset of menarche and low parity, are common risk factors for endometrial and ovarian cancers. The increase in female smokers and the decrease in fertility rate may contribute to the increase in gynecologic cancer incidence in Japan. cervical cancer; endometrial cancer; ovarian cancer; reproductive factors; smoking.Tohoku

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Anthropometric and Other Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer in a Case‐Control Study

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Comparative Case‐referent Study of Risk Factors among Hormone‐related Female Cancers in Japan

Comparative Case‐referent Study of Risk Factors among Hormone‐related Female Cancers in Japan

Height, Body Mass Index, and Ovarian Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Cohort Studies

Smoking, Earlier Menarche and Low Parity as Independent Risk Factors for Gynecologic Cancers in Japanese: A Case-Control Study

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