Anthropometric and Motor Competence Classifiers of Swimming Ability in Preschool Children—A Pilot Study

Gllareva, Ilir; Trajković, Nebojša; Mačak, Draženka; Šćepanović, Tijana; Zobenica, Anja Kostić; Pajić, Aleksandar; Halilaj, Besim; Gallopeni, Florim; Madić, Dejan

doi:10.3390/ijerph17176331

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…The study assumed that the use of multivariate statistics would make it possible to determine the The given results complement the data that discriminant analysis can be effectively used in determining the structure of motor fitness [17,18,19] and in fitness level classification [20, 21,22]. This conclusion is confirmed by the provided graphic material (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Factor analysis makes it possible to determine the structure and informative indicators of the motor fitness of school students [14,15,16]. Discriminant analysis is suitable both for determining the structure of motor fitness [17,18,19] and for classifying the level of fitness [20, 21,22]. Therefore, the use of multivariate statistics will make it possible to obtain new information about the regularities of the formation of motor skills in school students.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pattern recognition: the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys

Rukavytsia

Іващенко

Худолій

et al. 2022

ppcs

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Background and Study Aim. The study purpose was to determine the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys. Materials and methods. The study participants were 32 boys aged 8 who were divided into 4 groups of 8 pesons. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The pedagogical experiment investigated the effect of the number of sets (х1), the number of repetitions in a set (х2), and a 60-second rest time on the change in the gain in the level of proficiency of 8-year-old boys in straddle vault over the buck. A method of algorithmic instructions was used in the training. The participants proceeded to the next exercise after three successful attempts. Results. Statistical analysis of the significance of the discriminant functions showed that the first function explains 81.2% of the data variation and has a high canonical correlation value (r = 0.751). The first function has a high discriminative ability (λ = 0.332, p < 0.021) and can be used to classify the modes of physical exercise performance in the process of formation of motor skills. Conclusions. The use of multivariate statistics makes it possible to determine the structure of the training program, confirm the effectiveness of the selection of motor tasks, and classify the modes of physical exercise performance during the training process. The best mode of physical exercise performance in teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys is 12 sets of 3 repetitions with a rest time of 60 seconds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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confidence: 99%

Pattern recognition: the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys

Rukavytsia

Іващенко

Худолій

et al. 2022

ppcs

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“…A study by Erbraugh, (1986) found bodyweight to significantly influence swimming ability in children and found it to be a predictor of swimming ability. Adverse to this Gllareva et al, (2020) found that at an early stage of swimming development anthropometric measurements do not play a significant role in swimming performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Reliability and Validation of the Aquatic Movement Protocol as an Instrument for Assessing Aquatic Motor Competence in Primary Aged Children

Pratt

Duncan

Morris

et al. 2021

Journal of Motor Learning and Development

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There is a dearth of research in aquatic motor competency, a key requirement for primary physical education in order to become physically literate. This study proposes a new assessment protocol for aquatic motor competence and sets out to examine the validity of the Aquatic Movement Protocol (AMP) in children between 7 and 9 years of age. Testing of Gross Motor Development—second edition was implemented to assess general motor competence, including a composite of 10-m running sprint time and standing long jump distance. Aquatic motor competence was assessed by the AMP. Univariate analyses of covariance were used to examine whether assessment of general motor competence differed as opposed to aquatic motor competence. Process and product measures of dryland motor competence were analyzed using male and female subjects measuring three aquatic motor competences (low, medium, and high). Cronbach’s alpha and exploratory factor analyses were implemented to show both construct and concurrent validity of the AMP. Children classified as high for aquatic motor competence had significantly higher general motor competence (p = .001). Those who achieved a higher composite score for faster sprint speeds and longer jump distances had significantly higher aquatic motor competence (p = .001). Cronbach’s alpha of .908, showed internal consistency of the AMP. Results extracted one factor from analysis with an eigenvalue = 6.2; %variance = 62.1, with loadings higher than 0.5. This data suggests that the items on the AMP measure a single construct that we would call “Aquatic Motor Competence.” This study demonstrates that the AMP is a valid measure of aquatic motor competence in primary aged children.

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“…Physical exercise improves children's cognitive ability and IQ scores (17,18). Borioni et al (19) found significant benefits for children's language skills after a swimming exercise; Nissim et al (20) found significant improvements in arithmetic and logical reasoning in preschoolers after 6 months swimming exercise; other studies have also shown that learning to swim improves preschoolers' intelligence scores and can help reduce the number of delinquent behaviors in children (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 8 weeks parent-accompanied swimming on physical capacity and intelligence in preschool children

Yu,

Xia,

Yan

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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This study aimed to explore the potential effects of 8-week parents-accompanied swimming on the physical capacity and intelligence of preschool children in China. Thirty-six boys (mean age 3.56 ± 0.27 years) were divided into three groups: the traditional physical exercise group (TP, n = 12), the accompanied swimming group (AS, n = 12) and the independent swimming group (IS, n = 12). Participants’ physical capacity was assessed before and after the intervention using the following indicators: height, weight, distance of tennis ball throw, standing long jump distance, time for the 10-meter shuttle run, time for a two-legged continuous jump, sit-and-reach distance, and time on the walking balance beam. Intelligence was assessed at three points: pre-test, mid-test after 4 weeks, and post-test. Data were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni test (p < 0.05) and effect size. The time of the AS and IS groups to walk the balance beam was significantly lower than the TP group, with a difference of 1.81 s (p < 0.01, [95% CI −3.22 to −0.40], ES = 1.53) and 1.25 s (p < 0.05, [95% CI −2.66 to 0.16], ES = 0.81). At the mid-test, the IQ scores of the TP group were lower than the AS group (p < 0.05, [95% CI −12.45 to −0.96], ES = 0.89). Additionally, at post-test, the IQ scores of the TP group were significantly lower than those of both AS (p < 0.01, [95% CI −14.12 to −2.74], ES = 1.15) and IS groups (p < 0.01, [95% CI −12.53 to −3.31], ES = 1.21). Swimming enhances children’s balance and IQ scores more than traditional physical exercises. Involving parents in swimming leads to a more significant increase in IQ scores within 4 weeks of initial swimming exercise.

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Anthropometric and Motor Competence Classifiers of Swimming Ability in Preschool Children—A Pilot Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Pattern recognition: the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys

Pattern recognition: the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys

The Reliability and Validation of the Aquatic Movement Protocol as an Instrument for Assessing Aquatic Motor Competence in Primary Aged Children

Effects of 8 weeks parent-accompanied swimming on physical capacity and intelligence in preschool children

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