Anthropometric and central obesity indices as predictors of long-term cardiometabolic risk among Saudi young and middle-aged men and women

Abstract

Objectives:To investigate the prediction of long-term cardiometabolic risk using anthropometric and central obesity parameters.Methods:A total of 390 Saudi subjects (men 42.8%) aged 18-50 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional study in King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between August 2014 and January 2016. All participants were instructed to fast for 12 hours before taking blood samples for glucose and lipid panel analyses. A full anthropometric measurement and bioelectric impedance analysis was performed. The anthropometric and central obesity parameters were used for correlation with 30-year Framingham and life-time American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk scores. We used receiver operator characteristic curves to select the best predictors with the highest sensitivity and specificity.Results:The best discriminators of the long-term cardiometabolic risk among all the studied variables in men were the visceral adiposity index (VAI) (AUC=0.767), conicity index (CI) (AUC=0.817), and mid-arm muscular area (MAMA) (AUC=0.639). The best predictors for women were body mass index (AUC=0.912), waist circumference (AUC=0.752), and lipid accumulation product (AUC=0.632). The Kappa coefficient and 95% confidence interval ranged from 0.1 to 0.35, which suggests that there is a poor to fair agreement between these indices and cardiovascular risk scores.Conclusion:Long-term cardiometabolic risk can be predicted using simple anthropometric and central obesity indices, and these discriminators were not the same in Saudi men and women.

Comparison of anthropometric indices for predicting the risk of metabolic syndrome in older adults

“…The prediction of cardiometabolic risk in older men or women is essential for selecting candidates requiring early preventive strategies [33]. Considering this proposition that the cardiometabolic consequences of obesity are less associated with overall adiposity than visceral adiposity, those measures of adiposity which reflect body fat distribution [30], seem to be more valuable.…”

Design and validation of a novel estimator of visceral adipose tissue area and comparison to existing adiposity surrogates

“…Both performed relatively poorly in estimation of IAFA in our cohort. It is important to note that neither index was designed for this purpose, although both have been used as surrogates for IAFA 24,25 . In previous studies, the association of both the Lipid Accumulation Product and the Visceral Adiposity Index with IAFA are variable 20,21,26,27 , but different analytic methods make direct comparisons somewhat difficult.…”

The Importance of Some New Clinical Indices in the Evaluation of Childhood Obesity

“…Obesity indices have recently been a point of interest during the investigation of obesity, risk factors of obesity and obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes (Motamed et al, 2016;Motamed et al, 2017;Mondal & Mishra, 2017;Chua, Zalilah, Haemamalar, Norhasmah, & Geeta, 2017;Patel et al, 2017;Abulmeaty et al, 2017;Tsioufis et al, 2016;Jelavic, Babic & Pintaric, 2017;Liu, Ma, Lou & Zhu, 2016;Tao et al, 2016;Oguoma et al, 2016). So far a great number of studies have been performed on adults with different obesity grades, however research performed on pediatric population ) is scarce.…”