Anthropometric and body composition indicators of Bahraini adolescents

Al-Sendi, Aneesa M.; Shetty, Prakash; Musaiger, Abdulrahman O.

doi:10.1080/0301446031000091792

Cited by 28 publications

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“…The authors expressed concern over a rising trend for obesity, especially in girls, and emphasized the need for intervention programs 2. The findings of Al-Sendi et al in 2003 further confirmed the increasing weight gain among the adolescent population 1. The current research was conducted on a large and representative sample of Bahraini school children and adlolescents aged 6 to 18 years from all the populated regions of the country and formed one of the components of a comprehensive assessment of nutritional status, particularly, anthropometric status (height, weight, body mass index, subscapular skin fold, triceps skinfold thickness, midarm circumference and arm muscle area).…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Growth patterns are indicators of nutritional status of children and are important in developing intervention programs 1–9. Previous nutritional surveys in Bahrain were limited in their scope and sampling.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Previous nutritional surveys in Bahrain were limited in their scope and sampling. Some were designed to provide more comprehensive and representative data on the growth patterns of Bahraini children 1–3. Musaiger et al in 1989 reported that the median heights and weights, triceps skin fold and median arm circumference of boys and girls aged 6.5 to 18.5 years were below the 50th percentiles of the American reference standard (National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS) (3).…”

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Anthropometry and body composition of school children in Bahrain

Gharib

Rasheed

2009

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted because of the lack of a comprehensive nationwide assessment of data on the anthropometric status and related health problems in Bahraini school children aged 6 to 18 years.SUBJECTS AND METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the anthropometric status of school children enrolled in the primary, intermediate and secondary government schools in all populated regions of Bahrain. The sample size included 2594 students (1326 girls and 1268 boys) representing 2.5% of the total student population. For sample selection, a multi-stage sampling design was chosen that combined multi-cluster and simple random sampling methods. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, mid-arm circumference and skin fold thickness at two sites (triceps and subscapular). Anthropometric indices derived were body mass index (BMI) and arm muscle area. The WHO reference standards (2007) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) II data were used for comparison.RESULTS:Compared to WHO reference standards, the median height of Bahraini children and adolescents in the age range of 6 to 18 years was close to the 25th percentile or lower, while the median BMI during adolescent years was comparable in boys, but higher than WHO standards in girls, reaching the 75th percentile. The cut-off values of BMI for overweight/obesity status (85th and 95th percentile) were higher by 3-6 kg/m2 compared to WHO standards. While skin fold thicknesses were also higher in Bahraini adolescents compared to their American counterparts (NHANES II), arm muscularity was substantially lower.CONCLUSIONS:Current study findings for BMI as well as skin fold thicknesses suggest an increased trend toward adiposity among Bahraini adolescents, especially in girls, which puts this age group at a high risk of adult obesity and its consequences. A need for urgent intervention programs is emphasized.

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Anthropometry and body composition of school children in Bahrain

Gharib

Rasheed

2009

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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“…Although there are more accurate methods of determining the body fat content such X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), these methods are not practical for epidemiological studies (7) . In turn, indirect measures such as waist circumference (WC), skinfold, arm circumference (AC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and the waist-to-stature ratio (WSR), are methods that can be used to assess adiposity (8) . The present study aimed to examine the occurrence of inadequacy in biochemical levels in obese adolescents and to evaluate their relationship with anthropometric indicators of abdominal or generalised adiposity as a screening instrument for discriminating individuals at high cardiometabolic risk.…”

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Body composition of obese adolescents: association between adiposity indicators and cardiometabolic risk factors

Araújo

Santos

Prado

2016

J Human Nutrition Diet

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“…In reality these ndings did not try to discuss the growth and development issues as 10,20 . In high performance training, the speci c features (anthropometric) for the di erent sports -height, sitting height and size of limbs -have been given special attention by several scholars 16,[23][24][25] . e maturational aspects, which have also been given attention due to their variations (early or late), are often attributed to the intensive training for elite performance in the di erent sports, particularly in AG 5,8,21,[26][27] .…”

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The impact of intensive high performance training on adult height of female artistic gymnasts: a retrospective study

Ferreira-Filho

Machado

Marques

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. educ. fís. esporte

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(1):87-95 • 87The impact of intensive high performance training IntroductionThe impact of intensive high performance training on adult height of female artistic gymnasts: a retrospective study CDD. 20.ed. 796 People generally have great admiration for Artistic Gymnastics (AG), regardless if they are involved in competitions or non-o cial exhibitions. us, two features that spectators tend to be most deeply impressed with in this sport are the complexity of the acrobatics and the height of the gymnasts. e gymnast's task is made considerably easier if he or she is light as well as strong [1][2][3][4] . Moreover, gymnastics is an 'appearance sport', an exhibition of the body, aesthetics and technique, which means that the attractiveness of the athlete's body and performance is relevant and a matter of evaluation in competition. e anthropometric characteristics of gymnasts seem to be related to scores, particularly among female gymnasts [5][6] . Several health issues related to gymnastics (artistic and rhythmic) have been at the centre of ongoing debates for the last 15 years 4 . Among these issues are: body composition and its relation to a high volume of training 7-8 , combined with inadequate diet 9-10 ; each growth phase for adult shortness and the e ect that the growth in one phase has on another 11 ; anthropometric geometry 12-13 and also hormonal regulation, growth and sexual development [14][15] . Studies have shown that, when comparing the height of athletes belonging to the same age group, those who dedicate themselves to the practice of volleyball, basketball, and swimming, for instance, tend to be considerably taller than those committed AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the potential impact of the high performance training on the anthropometric and maturational characteristics of female artistic gymnasts and to compare the adult target height with international standards of growth. A sample consisted of 23 elite Brazilian female former gymnasts was evaluated. From a historic retrospective, about 29.56 yrs. ago (average of all) they devoted themselves to the training for 9.3 (2.6) years, with a weekly 24.26 (4.2) training hours, and had been retired from competition around at 13.61 (5.12) years old. From the anthropometric data of the gymnasts (while still competing), their parents and their older sister (1) and younger sister (2), the target height was calculated by Tanner method {[(father's height -13 cm) + mother's height] ÷ 2}. Additionally, training history, age of menarche occurrence, and growth classifying in accordance with the international standards was recorded, aimed at comparisons. The average stature shown normal adult stature (NCHS), and some cases surpassed the standard 75th, 90th and 95th percentile. They are higher than their mother (p = 0.039), but not their sister 1 (0.952) or sister 2 (p = 0.998), but the age of menarche was signifi cantly later only than their sisters 1 (p = 0.008) and 2 (p = 0.017). According to the Brazilian percentiles reference (IBGE), the fi nal ...

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Anthropometric and body composition indicators of Bahraini adolescents

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Anthropometry and body composition of school children in Bahrain

Anthropometry and body composition of school children in Bahrain

Body composition of obese adolescents: association between adiposity indicators and cardiometabolic risk factors

The impact of intensive high performance training on adult height of female artistic gymnasts: a retrospective study

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