Anthropology and psychiatry: the contemporary convergence

Jenkins, Janis H.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511543609.004

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Building on a rich history of collaboration and conversation between psychiatry, philosophy, and anthropology (e.g., [31][32][33][34][35][36][37], our focus is on anthropological approaches that position cultural practices as central to experiences of bodies, selves, and everyday worlds.…”

Section: The Embodiment Of Cultural Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embodiment as a Paradigm for Understanding and Treating SE-AN: Locating the Self in Culture

Musolino

Warin

Gilchrist³

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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There has been a growing call for sociologically engaged research to better understand the complex processes underpinning Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa (SE-AN). Based on a qualitative study with women in Adelaide, South Australia who were reluctant to seek help for their disordered eating practices, this paper draws on anthropological concepts of embodiment to examine how SE-AN is experienced as culturally grounded. We argue that experiences of SE-AN are culturally informed, and in turn, inform bodily perception and practice in the world. Over time, everyday rituals and routines became part of participants' habitus', experienced as taken-for-granted practices that structured lifeworlds. Here, culture and self are not separate, but intimately entangled in and through embodiment. Approaching SE-AN through a paradigm of embodiment has important implications for therapeutic models that attempt to move anorexia nervosa away from the body and separate it from the self in order to achieve recovery. Separating experiencesliterally disembodying anorexia nervosa-was described by participants as more than the loss of an identity; it would dismantle their sense of being-in-the-world. Understanding how SE-AN is itself a structure that structures every aspect of daily life, helps us to understand the fear of living differently, and the safety that embodied routines bring. We conclude by asking what therapeutic treatment might look like if we took embodiment as one orientation to SE-AN, and focused on quality of life and harm minimization.

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Section: The Embodiment Of Cultural Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embodiment as a Paradigm for Understanding and Treating SE-AN: Locating the Self in Culture

Musolino

Warin

Gilchrist³

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The OCF marked a noteworthy contribution after other recommendations were rejected to enhance DSM-IV’s cultural validity (Kleinman 1996; Canino et al 1998; Davis 1998; Jenkins 1998; Kirmayer 1998; Lewis-Fernández 1998; Manson and Kleinman 1998). The OCF has been consistently lauded as the most significant contribution of anthropology to psychiatry for emphasizing the patient’s experience of illness (Good 1996; Kleinman 2001; Jenkins 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Implementing the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview: A Qualitative Study

Aggarwal

Nicasio²,

DeSilva

et al. 2013

Cult Med Psychiatry

120

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The Outline for Cultural Formulation (OCF) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) marked an attempt to apply anthropological concepts within psychiatry. The OCF has been criticized for not providing guidelines to clinicians. The DSM-5 Cultural Issues Subgroup has since converted the OCF into the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) for use by any clinician with any patient in any clinical setting. This paper presents perceived barriers to CFI implementation in clinical practice reported by patients (n=32) and clinicians (n=7) at the New York site within the DSM-5 international field trial. We used an implementation fidelity paradigm to code debriefing interviews after each CFI session through deductive content analysis. The most frequent patient threats were lack of differentiation from other treatments, lack of buy-in, ambiguity of design, over-standardization of the CFI, and severity of illness. The most frequent clinician threats were lack of conceptual relevance between intervention and problem, drift from the format, repetition, severity of patient illness, and lack of clinician buy-in. The Subgroup has revised the CFI based on these barriers for final publication in DSM-5. Our findings expand knowledge on the cultural formulation by reporting the CFI’s reception among patients and clinicians.

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“…The OCF has been called the most important contribution of anthropology to psychiatry [17, 26]. Journals such as Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry and Transcultural Psychiatry have regularly published cases on the benefits of its incorporation in mental health assessment.…”

Section: Introductory Chapter On Cultural Aspects Of Psychiatric Diagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture and Psychiatric Diagnosis

Lewis‐Fernández

Aggarwal

2013

Advances in Psychosomatic Medicine

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Since the publication of DSM-IV in 1994, a number of components related to psychiatric diagnosis have come under criticism for their inaccuracies and inadequacies. Neurobiologists and anthropologists have particularly criticized the rigidity of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria that appear to exclude whole classes of alternate illness presentations as well as the lack of attention in contemporary psychiatric nosology to the role of contextual factors in the emergence and characteristics of psychopathology. Experts in culture and mental health have responded to these criticisms by revising the very process of diagnosis for DSM-5. Specifically, the DSM-5 Cultural Issues Subgroup has recommended that concepts of culture be included more prominently in several areas: an introductory chapter on Cultural Aspects of Psychiatric Diagnosis –composed of a conceptual introduction, a revised Outline for Cultural Formulation, a Cultural Formulation Interview that operationalizes this Outline, and a glossary on cultural concepts of distress—as well as material directly related to culture that is incorporated into the description of each disorder. This chapter surveys these recommendations to demonstrate how culture and context interact with psychiatric diagnosis at multiple levels. A greater appreciation of the interplay between culture, context, and biology can help clinicians improve diagnostic and treatment planning.

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Anthropology and psychiatry: the contemporary convergence

Cited by 20 publications

References 107 publications

Embodiment as a Paradigm for Understanding and Treating SE-AN: Locating the Self in Culture

Embodiment as a Paradigm for Understanding and Treating SE-AN: Locating the Self in Culture

Barriers to Implementing the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview: A Qualitative Study

Culture and Psychiatric Diagnosis

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