Anthropological survey on red cell glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) polymorphism in Central Western Africa: A tentative hypothesis on the interaction between GPX1*2 and Hbβ*S allelic products

Destro‐Bisol, Giovanni; Spedini, Gabriella

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330790209

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The erythrocyte enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) displays a genetic polymorphism among populations inhabiting (or coming from) areas with malaria endemicity (Destro-Bisol and Spedini, 1989). The enzyme encoded by the allele GPX1*2 is eharacterized by a higher peroxidase activity with respect to the GPX1*1 allele product, so that the GPXl phenotype 2-1 has, on a n average, about 1.5 times the catalytic activity observed in GPXl phenotype 1 (Meera Khan et al, 1986).…”

Section: Two Case Studies the Effect Of Cyanogens On The Interaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, our hypothesis predicts that GPX1*2 frequency will be lower among HbAS than HbAA individuals. In a previous paper, we reported on the distribution at the GPXl and HbP loci i n some populations from Congo, Cameroon and Benin (Destro-Bisol and Spedini, 1989). With only one exception (South Bakaka), in all the groups the GPX1*2 frequency was lower in the HbAS than in the corresponding HbAA subsample, and the difference obtained after pooling the population samples was statistically significant ( P = 0.032).1The analysis has been now extended to other populations of the same geographical area (about 3,500 individuals), and again we observed a systematic trend towards a negative association between the Hb@*S and GPX1*2 alleles (Destro-Bisol et al, in preparation).…”

Section: Two Case Studies the Effect Of Cyanogens On The Interaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last part of the paper we will discuss two case studies which can provide further support to the role played by hemoglobin derivatives and membrane proteins: 1) the influence of sublethal cyanogens included in the diet on the distribution of Hbp*S gene frequencies in Liberia (Jackson, 1990); 2) population data on polymorphisms at the HbP and GPXl loci (Destro-Bisol and Spedini, 1989).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interaction between oxidized hemoglobin and the cell membrane: A common basis for several falciparum malaria‐linked genetic traits

Destro‐Bisol¹,

Giardina²,

Sansonetti³

et al. 1996

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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KEY WORDSlinked genetic traits, Membrane bound hemoglobin Oxidative stress, falciparum malaria, Malaria- ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on the interaction between oxidized hemoglobin and the erythrocyte membrane, and its relevance to some falciparum malaria-linked genetic traits. We first present the experimental evidence which suggests that the interaction between hemoglobin derivatives and membrane proteins is an important cellular mechanism for the erythrocytes carrying HbS, HbE, HbF, a-and P-thalassemia, and GGPD deficiency. Thereafter, we show how the Hblmembrane interaction might act as primum movens for diverse cellular mechanisms which 1) reduce invasion of erythrocytes by the falciparum parasite; 2) impair parasite survival and development within the cell; 3) accelerate infected erythrocyte clearance by phagocytosis. We claim that oxidative stress is the driving force of this process, since highly reactive species (like 0,-and H202) mediate the gradual oxidation of Hb to irreversible hemichrome-containing Heinz bodies. We therefore suggest that positing the interaction between oxidized hemoglobin and cell membrane as a common basis for several falciparum malaria-linked genetic traits is not only consistent with experimental evidence gathered so far, but provides a new, clearer perspective: the molecular event on which these known protective traits rest. In the last part of the paper we will discuss two case studies which provide further support for the role played by hemoglobin derivatives and membrane proteins: 1) the influence of a cyanogen-rich diet on the distribution of HbPV gene frequencies in Liberia (Jackson [1990] Am.

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Section: Two Case Studies the Effect Of Cyanogens On The Interaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Two Case Studies the Effect Of Cyanogens On The Interaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Interaction between oxidized hemoglobin and the cell membrane: A common basis for several falciparum malaria‐linked genetic traits

Destro‐Bisol¹,

Giardina²,

Sansonetti³

et al. 1996

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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“…Some genetic and epidemiological data have been presented elsewhere (see Destro-Bisol and Spedini, 1989;Destro-Bisol et al, 1992Mencarini et al, 1991;Scozzari et al, 1994). In this paper, we present new data and a final analysis of all protein polymorphisms.…”

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confidence: 98%

The peopling of Sub-Saharan Africa: The case study of Cameroon

Spedini

Destro-Bisol

Mondovì

et al. 1999

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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This study analyzes the distribution of ten protein genetic polymorphisms in eighteen populations from the most densely inhabited areas of Cameroon. The languages spoken belong to three different linguistic families [Afro-Asiatic (AA), Nilo-Saharan (NS) and Niger-Kordofanian (NK)]. The analysis of variation of allele frequencies indicates that the level of genetic interpopulation differentiation is rather low (F(st) = 0.011 +/- 0.006) but statistically significant (p < 0.001). This result is not unexpected because of the relatively small geographic area covered by our survey. This value is also significantly lower than the one estimated for other groups of African populations. Among the factors responsible for this, we discuss the possible role of gene flow. There is a considerable genetic differentiation among the AA populations of north Cameroon as is to be expected because they all originated from the first agriculturists of the farming "savanna complex." The Podowko and Uldeme are considerably different from all the other AA groups, probably due to the combined effect of genetic drift and isolation. In the case of the Wandala and Massa, our analyses suggest that genetic admixture with allogeneous groups (especially with the Kanuri) played an important role in determining their genetic differentiation from other AA speaking groups. The Bantu speaking populations (Bakaka, Bamileke Bassa and Ewondo, NK family, Benué Congo subfamily) settled in western and southern Cameroon are more tightly clustered than AA speaking groups. This result shows that the linguistic affinity among these four populations coincides with a substantial genetic similarity despite their different origin. Finally, the Fulbe are genetically distinct from all the populations that belong to their same linguistic phylum (NK), and closer to the neighboring Fali and Tupuri, eastern Adamawa speaking groups of north Cameroon.

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“…Some rare variants have also been observed: GPX1 "Must" (Beutler et al, 1974), GPX1 "Lebanese" (Board, 1983) and GPX1 "Djuca" (Meera Khan et al, 1986). However, there are up to now, no reported family studies demonstrating the genetic inheritance of any of these variants (Destro-Bisol et al, 1989). GPXI*2 allele product was found to have almost twice the catalytic activity of GPXI*I and it was proposed that GPXI*2 allele enjoys a selective advantage in an environmental where malaria is endemic (Meera Khan et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%