Anthropogenic Space Weather

Gombosi, T. I.; Baker, D. N.; Balogh, A.; Erickson, P. J.; Huba, J. D.; Lanzerotti, L. J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1588-9_16

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Can active experiments produce particle depletion and help to answer these questions? There have been various anthropogenic manners to influence the ionosphere and the space environment, as presented in the review of Gombosi et al (). Chang et al () in this collection address this aspect in investigating electron diffusion from the effect of controlled heating of the ionosphere.…”

Section: Particle Loss In the Inner And Outer Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

et al. 2020

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The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in operation including the Van Allen Probes, Arase, Magnetospheric Multiscale, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms, Cluster, GPS, GOES, and Los Alamos National Laboratory‐GEO magnetospheric missions. They were supported by conjugate low‐altitude measurements on spacecraft, balloons, and ground‐based arrays. Together, these significantly improved our ability to determine and quantify the mechanisms that control the buildup and subsequent variability of energetic particle intensities in the inner magnetosphere. The high‐quality data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Van Allen Probes are the most comprehensive in situ measurements ever taken in the near‐Earth space radiation environment. These observations, coupled with recent advances in radiation belt theory and modeling, including dramatic increases in computational power, have ushered in a new era, perhaps a “golden era,” in radiation belt research. We have edited a Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Science Special Collection dedicated to Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts in which we gather the most recent scientific findings and understanding of this important region of geospace. This collection includes the results presented at the American Geophysical Union Chapman International Conference in Cascais, Portugal (March 2018) and many other recent and relevant contributions. The present article introduces and review the context, current research, and main questions that motivate modern radiation belt research divided into the following topics: (1) particle acceleration and transport, (2) particle loss, (3) the role of nonlinear processes, (4) new radiation belt modeling capabilities and the quantification of model uncertainties, and (5) laboratory plasma experiments.

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Section: Particle Loss In the Inner And Outer Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

et al. 2020

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“…A more likely explanation for the observed EEP is an effect from high‐frequency (HF, ~3–30 MHz) ionospheric heating facilities, such as HAARP (High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program, Alaska), and SURA (after Sura‐river, Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia) which can excite and amplify ULF and VLF waves in the high‐latitude ionosphere‐magnetosphere system (Getmantsev et al, 1974; Gombosi et al, 2017; Kuznetsov & Ruzhin, 2014; Streltsov et al, 2018). A number of works are devoted to observation and analysis of auroral activity triggered by the ionospheric HF pumping (Blagoveshchenskaya et al, 2001; Golkowski et al, 2008; Tulegenov et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Characteristics of Energetic Magnetospheric Electron Precipitation as Observed During Long‐Term Balloon Observations

et al. 2020

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The paper summarizes the properties of precipitation of magnetospheric electrons with energy above several hundred keV recorded by observing X-ray bremsstrahlung in the polar stratosphere above the Murmansk region, Russia, in 1961-2019. Precipitation occurrence rate demonstrates a clear dependence on the solar activity with a maximum at the decay phase of the 11-year solar cycle, similarly to the variability in occurrences of the high-speed solar wind streams (HSSWS). The energetic electron precipitation (EEP) event series is often initiated by a moderate geomagnetic storm caused by a HSSWS and continues during geomagnetic storm recovery. EEP demonstrates the seasonal rate variation with the maxima in occurrence rate around the spring and the autumn solstices and correlates with fluences of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt. For 59 years, 589 events of precipitation were observed. Analysis of the long-term time series revealed a growing trend in the rate of precipitation occurrence, especially in the 1990s to 2000s that is not properly explained yet.

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“…Flatsun also becomes a hyperbolic performance of our increasing power as a species to affect the geophysical dynamics of our own planet, and even to intensify or counteract the sun’s effects on weather in space (Gombosi et al, 2017). Since Galileo’s hypothesis that the Earth revolves around the Sun, science has persuaded us of the diminished importance of humans on a planet that is not at the centre of the Universe; in contrast, we are now being asked to acknowledge the inordinate power of human action over the ecosystems of an entire planet.…”

Section: Flatsun and The Illusion Of Human Agencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary art beyond the human: Rethinking agency in the Anthropocene

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2020

The Anthropocene Review

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A growing number of transdisciplinary art-science projects across the world are taking up the challenge of representing geological and cosmic time and of rendering visible, audible and tangible the powerful forces that shape the planet’s systems. While art historians have often found the earth art movement to exemplify a new awareness of the geological impact of human activity on the planet, I argue that art may engender a more genuinely planetary perspective when it pays attention to those forces we cannot compel. Gesturing towards the limits of human agency with regard to the Earth may ultimately be a more effective way of challenging anthropocentrism, and of locating human history within planetary time. My analysis draws on works by four contemporary artists – Rafael Lozano-Hemmer (Canada/Mexico), Claudia Müller (Chile), Paul Rosero Contreras (Ecuador) and Michelle-Marie Letelier (Germany/Chile) – that explore the science of turbulent dynamics that are impervious to human action, such as solar flares, earthquakes, winds, tides, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. As Nigel Clark argues, the fundamental asymmetry that governs our relationship with a volatile planet is often lost in accounts of the entanglement of human and nonhumans that have recently prevailed in the humanities and social sciences. The works I discuss revise the practices of earth art to create a ‘planetary art’, cultivating a sense of the planet beyond the human that allows us to understand its dynamics more fully, and to resituate human agency more properly within geohistories of matter and energy. In many cases, this art remains fully alert to the geopolitics of the Anthropocene, focusing on the increased vulnerability of the Global South to climate change and environmental disaster, and gesturing towards a decolonial critique of the objectification of nature and the dissociative, rationalist knowledge produced by modern science.

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Anthropogenic Space Weather

Cited by 10 publications

References 153 publications

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

Temporal Characteristics of Energetic Magnetospheric Electron Precipitation as Observed During Long‐Term Balloon Observations

Planetary art beyond the human: Rethinking agency in the Anthropocene

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