Anthropogenic radionuclides in seawater in the East Sea/Japan Sea: Results of the first-stage Japanese–Korean–Russian expedition

Properties of 137Cs in marine sediments off Yangnam, Korea

“…The 137 Cs concentrations in surface and bottom waters are in the range of 2.4-4.5 and 2.3-4.3 mBq/l with an average of 3:2 AE 0:6 and 3:4 AE 0:5 mBq/l, respectively. These values are in good agreement with values reported by other investigators (Kang et al, 1997;Miyao et al, 1998;Hirose et al, 1999;KINS, 2000) for the East Sea (Japan Sea).…”

“…5, 75 and 77, are plotted in Fig. 7, and show very little variation with increasing depth, similar to that observed in shallow seawater over 200 m in depth in the East Sea (Japan Sea) (Kang et al, 1997;Kasamatsu and Inatomi, 1998;Hirose et al, 1999) and in the western North Pacific (Aoyama and Hirose, 1995). In the coastal seawater of the East Sea (Japan Sea), the thermocline is about 200 m in depth (Kasamatsu and Inatomi, 1998).…”

90Sr, 137Cs and 239,240Pu concentration surface water time series in the Pacific and Indian Oceans – WOMARS results

“…The GEOSECS programme carried out in 1973 and 1974 provided the first comprehensive data set on the lateral and vertical distributions of 90 Sr,137 Cs and 239,240 Pu in the Pacific Ocean proper (Bowen et al, 1980). Japanese institutes have been active in investigating these radionuclides, especially in North-Western (NW) Pacific water (e.g., Nagaya and Nakamura, 1970, 1976, 1984, 1987Aoyama and Hirose, 1995;Miyake et al, 1988;Nakanishi et al, 1990;Hirose et al, 1992Hirose et al, , 1999Hirose, 1997;Ikeuchi et al, 1999;Aoyama et al, 2001a,b). The nuclear weapons testing sites in the Marshall Islands were monitored extensively by the US (e.g., Noshkin and Wong, 1980;Noshkin et al, 1983;Robison and Noshkin, 1999), and the impact of the tests carried out in French Polynesia were assessed by France and IAEA (e.g.…”

Spatial distribution of 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs and 239,240Pu in surface waters of the Pacific and Indian Oceans—GLOMARD database

“…Traditionally, several Japanese institutes have been active in investigating these radionuclides, especially in NW Pacific waters, e.g. Nagaya and Nakamura (1970, 1976, 1984, 1987, 1993, Aoyama and Hirose (1995), Miyake et al (1988), Nakanishi et al (1990), Hirose et al (1992), Hirose (1997), Hirose et al (1999), Ikeuchi et al (1999), Aoyama et al (2001a,b) and many other research groups. The third group of investigations was connected to nuclear weapons testing sites in the Marshall Islands, e.g.…”