Anthropogenic Pressures on Groundwater

Luetkemeier, Robert; Söller, Linda; Frick-Trzebitzky, Fanny

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819166-8.00183-3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The chemical composition of groundwater is affected by recharge and discharge conditions, where the mineral contents found in groundwater samples are closely related to the dissolution processes of predominant materials in the soils [2]. External factors, for instance, socioeconomic parameters due to agricultural activities, industrial structure, and urbanization, affect the groundwater sources qualitatively and quantitatively [3]. Thus, the frequency, quality, and quantity of field measurements are of utmost importance as they affect the performance of deduction [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Judgmental Sampling Approach for the Monitoring of Groundwater Quality and Quantity Evolution in Mediterranean Catchments

Ntona,

Chalikakis,

Busico

et al. 2023

Water

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Groundwater monitoring is critically important, even though it is costly and often neglected. In this study, a judgmental monitoring of groundwater offering solutions based on a cost and time-effective research approach is presented. The method was performed in three Mediterranean areas in Greece and Italy to examine its advantages and disadvantages. As a first step, a multi-statistical analysis was practiced to assess and apportion the potential contributions of pollution sources of groundwater. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis, and factor analysis were applied to groundwater samples to characterize the evolution of hydrochemical processes. High concentrations of chlorides and nitrates highlight that salinization and the extensive use of nitrate fertilizers dominate in the coastal part of Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, the dissolution of carbonate rocks and livestock/industrial activities drive the groundwater quality status in the Upper Volturno basin, while in the Mouriki basin thermal power plant and the use of zinc fertilizers are the main factors of groundwater quality degradation. The determination of the critical sampling points was applied, considering the land use and hydrogeological and morphological characteristics of the areas. The application of the judgmental sampling approach provides reliable results regarding groundwater evolution. These results were compared to previous works and found that a non-probability sampling technique can provide the same results as a more costly method in the Mediterranean region. Thus, judgmental sampling is crucial for the optimal application of water resource management and control techniques in basins to avoid gaps in data collection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%