Anthropogenic PAHs in mangrove sediments of the Calabar River, SE Niger Delta, Nigeria

Oyo-Ita, Orok E.; Offem, J. O.; Ekpo, Bassey O.; Adie, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.09.011

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…So, human activities are the main pollution source of PAHs for urban water body. This result is consistent with the view of Oyo-Ita et al [35]. Figure 2(c) shows the seasonal average concentrations of 14 kinds of PAHs in sediments.…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Characteristics Of The ∑Pahs In Sedimentssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…∑PAHs concentrations in sediments ranged between 796.2 ng/g and 10,470 ng/ g, with a mean of 2,713.8 ng/g. Compared to several studies reported elsewhere (Table 3), mean concentration of ∑PAHs in sediments from Qinhuai River was found to be lower than that from Calabar River (9,370 ng/g), Nigeria [35], and Haihe River, Tianjin, China (27,074.1 ng/g) [36]. The maximum concentration in this study was lower than that in sediments of Haihe River (16,901 ng/g) in 2014 [29], but mean concentration was higher than other rivers.…”

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf)contrasting

confidence: 85%

“…The maximum concentration in this study was lower than that in sediments of Haihe River (16,901 ng/g) in 2014 [29], but mean concentration was higher than other rivers. Owing to extensive economic and industrial development in Nigeria, the concentration of ∑PAHs in Calabar River was higher than [48] that in Qinhuai River [35]. The average content (27,074.1 ng/g) of ∑PAHs in the sediment of Haihe River is about ten times that of Qinhuai River (2,713.8 ng/g); this result could be attributed to the fact that Tianjin was an old and established industrial city with the largest port in north China [37], along with rapid development of the petrochemical industry, the iron and steel industry, and other heavy industries and rapid urbanization [36].…”

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf)mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Zhao

Qin

Cao

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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In order to investigate the residual characteristics, sources, and ecological risk of PAHs in sediment from urban rivers, the sediments of 15 typical sites from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, which are typical urban rivers and lake, were collected from October 2015 to July 2016; the sources of PAHs in sediment were also identified by several methods. Results showed that ∑PAHs concentration in sediment ranged from 796.2 ng/g to 10,470 ng/g with an average of 2,713.8 ng/g. High molecular weight PAHs with 4-5 rings were most prominent in the sediment during all four seasons. Source characterization studies based on the analysis of diagnostic ratio (triangular plot method), cluster analysis, and positive factor matrix analysis suggested that the PAHs of Qinhuai River Basin were mainly from pyrogenic origin (biomass and coal combustion and vehicular emission), and the petroleum source also cannot be ignored (specially in summer). Most individual PAHs occasionally affect the aquatic organisms. The highest benzo[a]pyreneequivalent doses (BaP eq dose) appear at the sites of sewage discharge and heavy traffic. So, the PAHs pollution sources of urban water body have obvious seasonal-dependent and human activities-dependent characteristics.

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Section: Temporal and Spatial Characteristics Of The ∑Pahs In Sedimentssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf)contrasting

confidence: 85%

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf)mentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Zhao

Qin

Cao

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Detail about the study area is as described by CRBDA (1982), Asuquo (1989), Löwenberg & Künzel (1992), Ekpo & Ibok (1998), Oyo-Ita, Offem, Ekpo & Adie (2013. Briefly, the lower reaches of the Imo River (where biota and associated sediment samples was collected-MR site; Figure (1) are influenced by semi-diurnal ocean tides.…”

Section: Study Area and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment-Dwelling Animals from Mangrove Areas of the Calabar River, SE Nigeria

Oyo-Ita¹,

Ekpo²,

Adie³

et al. 2014

Self Cite

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Sediment-dwelling biota such as mollusks (clam) and crabs collected from mangrove areas of the Calabar River are important routes of exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) contamination. Residual levels of OCPs including HCHs, DDTs, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, endrin ketone, entrin aldehyde, dieldrin, endosulfan, endosulfan sulphate, methoxychlor, were determined in these organisms. The results revealed the OCP loads to be predominated by DDTs and HCHs (much of which was derived from illegal usage of GAMMALIN 20 for fishing) with the overall means of 49.6 and 35.1 ng/g wet weight (ww), respectively, at 100% frequencies of occurrence. Concentrations of other OCP components were generally low and were not detected in all biota samples. This probably reflects low utilization of these OCPs in the region and/or low bioaccumulation potential in the biota species. In general, the OCP concentrations were higher in freshwater mollusks and crabs than in brackish water, indicating that freshwater biota were more easily influenced by OCPs than their brackish water counterparts. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant relationship between lipid content (LC) or body size of organisms and contaminant load, probably because of the non-equilibrium situation: smaller animals accumulated more OCPs than their larger counterparts, suggesting different uptake and elimination rates for these compounds. Biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) for DDTs and HCHs varied among the organisms and were in the ranges 1.02-9.78 and 0.74-8.72, respectively, indicating probably that HCHs were less bio-available in the river than DDTs. They were generally lower for highly polluted site (UMA; freshwater area) and higher for areas of low anthropogenic pressure (MR-brackish water area). Risk assessment matched against various standards clearly showed that the biota were highly contaminated with HCHs and DDTs, and may pose serious health threats to local inhabitants of the catchments. Furthermore, other selected OCPs such as heptachlor and dieldrin may in addition pose lifetime cancer risk, especially to residents of the riverine/coastal communities who often consume more of these organisms than those living inland.

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“…They have high adsorption capacity towards solid matrices or particulate matter due to their hydrophobic nature (Oyo-ita et al, 2016). Thus, they are widely used for environmental monitoring purposes (Liu et al, 2007;Oyo-ita & Oyo-ita, 2012;Oyo-ita et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Toxicity Potential of Sedimentary PAHS from Refome Lake, South-East Nigeria over the Last Century

Oyo-Ita¹,

Oyo-Ita²,

Ikip³

et al. 2020

GEP

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In this study, toxic equivalent factors and sediment quality guidelines were employed for the assessment of toxicity potential of PAHs in 2 sediment cores collected from the center (RC) and shoreline (RS) of Reforme lake, SE Nigeria over the last ~1 century. Boundary cross plots of isomeric ratios such as Ant/Ant + Phe (>0.1) vs. Fl/Fl + Pyr (>0.4) and BaA/BaA + Chry (>0.35) vs. Icdp/Icdp + Bper (>0.2) indicated biomass combustion/domestic coal utilization as the main sources of PAHs input. The result revealed toxicity unit indices (TU1, 1.22-1.57) for the two cores were above the thresholds of no effect. The highest TU1 value found in the near-bottom layer (RS5, 20-25 cm) of the RS corresponding to geological time-frame ~1930-1947 coincided with the period of inhabitation by the European settlers along the lake's catchments when coal or coal products utilization for domestic and recreational purposes was at its peak. On the other hand, TU2 values were <1 at all depth intervals, revealing unlikely PAH effects to resident organisms. Total toxicity equivalency factors (TEqFs) for the surface sediment of RS and RC were 9.29 ng/g TEqFs and 9.16 ng/g TEqFs, respectively, and indicated that more attention should be paid to BaPyr accumulation in the lake's sediment.

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Anthropogenic PAHs in mangrove sediments of the Calabar River, SE Niger Delta, Nigeria

Cited by 35 publications

References 41 publications

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment-Dwelling Animals from Mangrove Areas of the Calabar River, SE Nigeria

Assessment of Toxicity Potential of Sedimentary PAHS from Refome Lake, South-East Nigeria over the Last Century

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