Anthropogenic Features

Adderley, W. Paul; Wilson, Clare; Simpson, Ian A.; Davidson, Donald A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53156-8.00025-8

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Only SU from features that are more than 1.5 m below the surface—thus only large settlement pits—show weak signs of bioturbation (Figure 8). Dusty clay coatings in pores, which are often considered to be indicators for exposed surfaces or tillage (e.g., Adderley, Wilson, Simpson, & Davidson, 2010; Bresson & Valentin, 1994; Deák, Gebhardt, Lewis, Usai, & Lee, 2017; Gebhardt, 1995), are found in almost all examined SU. For example, all SU in profile P739 exhibits roughly the same frequency and intensity of dusty clay coatings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hidden Midden: Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices, and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik (Switzerland)

et al. 2020

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To interpret artifact assemblages, it is necessary to understand the processes that have formed and influenced them: layer formation processes, cultural practices, and the way resources were used. In this study, we present our results of micromorphologically analyzed pits, ditches, house floors, and occupation layers found within the younger Iron Age settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik. We defined 11 microfacies types and put them into a spatial and stratigraphic context. In addition, we quantify waste categories according to the archaeological features and microfacies types. Our results suggest that some ditches played a role in the spatial organization of the settlement, others were used as water canals. Several pits show a secondary use as roofed construction in the context of handicrafts. In addition, mapping the microfacies types reveals a differentiated use of space. Finally, differences between waste categories are visible. Dung was used as fuel and probably as fertilizer, whereas animal bone fragments and ceramic sherds have been stored on rubbish dumps, where they were available as raw material. These new insights into the use of pits, ditches, and settlement areas as well as the handling of resources provide an important basis for understanding everyday life in the settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hidden Midden: Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices, and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik (Switzerland)

et al. 2020

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“…Similar coatings, termed agricutans by Jongerius (), form immediately beneath modern ploughed Ap horizons in cultivated soils, but are often less dark in color and contain more silt‐sized material than those in the present study. We conclude that the observed very dark, dusty clay coatings are best explained by the effects of livestock trampling and human disturbance that started before the building of Cairn 1, but they cannot be considered as unequivocal evidence of cultivation (Adderley et al ). The higher frequency of such coatings in the buried soil of the intercairn trench indicates that such effects continued during the time that intervened between the construction of the two cairns, and was coincident with the use for domestic, industrial, or ritual activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Soil Paleocatenas, Prehistoric Land Use, and Coastal Landscape Dynamics at Druridge Bay, Northeast England

Payton

2016

Geoarchaeology

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Coastal erosion of sand dune systems along Druridge Bay, northeast England, has progressively exposed parts of the subdune mid‐Holocene landscape, including paleocatenas, indicating former soil hydrosequences with localized wetland habitats, and archaeological evidence of human activities and land use from the Late Mesolithic to the Romano‐British period. Archaeological investigations and pedostratigraphic studies of paleosols provide a unique spatial–chronological framework to interpret soil and land use change over several millennia in the context of a changing coastal environment. Evidence includes dating of archaeological remains, the stratigraphy, morphology and micromorphology of buried soils and sediments, and the palynology and radiocarbon dating of subdune peats. Early Bronze Age burial sites were preferentially located on well‐drained hillocks also used for grazing. Adjacent wetland depressions provided areas of marshy grassland and swamp over deep fen peat soils that started to develop c. 5435 cal. yr B.P. in response to a rising groundwater table stimulated partly by slow sea‐level rise. The backslopes of the paleocatena were occupied by imperfectly to poorly drained soils that supported open oak‐hazel woodland with evidence for progressive clearance and use for agriculture. Windblown sand started to accumulate on the study site sometime between 3930 and 3670 cal. yr B.P., well before the Little Ice Age date for dune formation suggested by previous researchers.

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“…Images were segmented using color and morphological criteria to distinguish charred organic matter (Adderley et al, 2002(Adderley et al, , 2010. First, pore space was identified by matching and comparing segments from the aforementioned cpl and xpl images; a process that eliminates the potential for mistaking basal-cut quartz grains for pores from the cpl images alone (Whalley et al, 2005).…”

Section: Soil Micromorphology and Phosphorus Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At no time does the total phosphorus content (Total P) record suggest intensive human influences such as urbanization or manure and fuel residue-based agriculture (Simpson et al, 2002;Adderley and Simpson, 2005;Edwards et al, 2005;Adderley et al, , 2008Adderley et al, , 2010Filippelli et al, 2010). Agricultural activity was most likely during the time of the young, pre-hiatus soils.…”

Section: Land Clearing Human Influence At Mai Maikdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental changes and the rise and fall of civilizations in the northern Horn of Africa: An approach combining δD analyses of land-plant derived fatty acids with multiple proxies in soil

Terwilliger

Eshetu

Disnar

et al. 2013

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

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Anthropogenic Features

Cited by 24 publications

References 76 publications

The Hidden Midden: Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices, and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik (Switzerland)

The Hidden Midden: Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices, and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik (Switzerland)

Soil Paleocatenas, Prehistoric Land Use, and Coastal Landscape Dynamics at Druridge Bay, Northeast England

Environmental changes and the rise and fall of civilizations in the northern Horn of Africa: An approach combining δD analyses of land-plant derived fatty acids with multiple proxies in soil

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