Anthropogenic driven range expansion of Asian elephant Elephas maximus in an agricultural landscape and its consequences in South West Bengal, India

Singh, Aakriti; Kumara, Honnavalli N.; Mahato, Santanu; Velankar, Avadhoot D.

doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126374

Journal for Nature Conservation

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126374

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Anthropogenic driven range expansion of Asian elephant Elephas maximus in an agricultural landscape and its consequences in South West Bengal, India

Aakriti Singh

Honnavalli N. Kumara²,

Santanu Mahato³

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

References 81 publications

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Suitable habitats shifting toward human-dominated landscapes of Asian elephants in China

Yu,

Hu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Biodivers Conserv

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Although intensifying human activity in Asian elephants' natural habitats has led to gradual habitat changes, fragmentation, and contraction in recent decades, their population has continued to increase and disperse due to a series of conservation efforts, resulting in increased severe human-elephant con icts. The habitat adaptation strategies of Asian elephants remain unclear. Here, we used the maximum entropy models to explore habitat selection strategies of Asian elephants at different spatial scales in Southwest China based on the occurrence data. Using habitat suitability predictions, we identi ed the key environmental, anthropogenic, and climatic variables in uencing Asian elephants' habitat utilization. We also assessed the historical dispersal trend of Asian elephants and the overlap between suitable habitat ranges and human-dominated regions. The results showed that inherent topographic variables, such as elevation and slope, strongly in uence the habitat selection of Asian elephants across spatial scales and that human activity in uence is stronger at larger scales. There is currently approximately 17,744 km2 of suitable habitat and 25,590 km2 of sub-suitable habitat for Asian elephants in China, mainly in Xishuangbanna and central and south Pu'er, with 63.73% of these habitats overlapping human-dominated regions. Under the high-emissions climate change scenario, suitable and sub-suitable habitats of Asian elephants would shrink by 61% and 31% by the 2050s. In areas of high overlaps between suitable habitats of Asian elephants and human-dominated regions, strategies such as habitat restoration, construction of ecological corridors, and land use improvement could effectively alleviate human-elephant con ict and promote human-elephant coexistence.

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Suitable habitats shifting toward human-dominated landscapes of Asian elephants in China

Yu,

Hu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Biodivers Conserv

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People’s perceptions and attitudes towards human-elephant conflicts and mitigation practices in the western part of southern West Bengal, India

Chakraborty,

Banerjee,

Chatterjee

et al. 2024

GeoJournal

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Attitudes towards causes of and solutions to conflict between humans and Asian elephants

Cabral de Mel,

Seneweera,

Dangolla

et al. 2024

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Many Asian elephant populations inhabit fragmented human‐dominated landscapes. Human–elephant conflict (HEC) has intensified in such regions, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of people and elephants each year. Controversy between stakeholders then arises as people debate the merits of HEC mitigation approaches, stifling progress. We conducted a survey to evaluate the opinions of experts, farmers and others who have and have not experienced HEC (n = 611), on the causes of HEC, the importance of, conservation of and co‐existence with elephants, and on the acceptability and effectiveness of potential HEC mitigation methods. Analysis of variance and the Potential for Conflict Index showed that all groups agreed with nine of the 10 causes of HEC assessed, on average. All respondent groups had mostly positive attitudes towards the importance and conservation of elephants. However, farmers exposed to HEC disagreed that people should co‐exist with elephants and supported the view that elephants should be removed from human habitats. All groups agreed on the acceptability and effectiveness of electric fencing, early warning systems with infrasonic call detectors, Global Positioning System collars and geophones. However, there was disparity in views between the experts and other stakeholder groups on the acceptability and effectiveness of restricting elephants to protected areas, and translocation of problem elephants to protected areas away from their capture site or to wild elephant holding grounds. While similar views between stakeholders on many subjects are encouraging for elephant conservation, the disparities identified should be given greater attention when planning HEC management programs to minimize conflict between stakeholders.

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Anthropogenic driven range expansion of Asian elephant Elephas maximus in an agricultural landscape and its consequences in South West Bengal, India

Cited by 3 publications

References 81 publications

Suitable habitats shifting toward human-dominated landscapes of Asian elephants in China

Suitable habitats shifting toward human-dominated landscapes of Asian elephants in China

People’s perceptions and attitudes towards human-elephant conflicts and mitigation practices in the western part of southern West Bengal, India

Attitudes towards causes of and solutions to conflict between humans and Asian elephants

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