Anthropogenic contaminants in freshwater from the northern Antarctic Peninsula region

Domínguez-Morueco, Noelia; Moreno-Merino, Luis; Molins-Delgado, Daniel; Díaz˗Cruz, M. Silvia; Aznar-Alemany, Òscar; Eljarrat, Ethel; Farré, Marinella; López-Martı́nez, Jerónimo; Alda, Miren López de; Silva, Adrián M.T.; Valsero, Juan José Durán; Valcárcel, Y.

doi:10.1007/s13280-020-01404-x

Cited by 22 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Sunscreen pollution is when concentrations of the components of sunscreen products in the environment reach levels that may cause harm (Sang & Leung, 2016; Galamgam, Linou & Linos, 2018; Carve et al, 2021; Downs et al, 2021). Ultraviolet (UV) sunscreen compounds, fragrances and preservatives, such as oxybenzone, octocrylene, parabens and synthetic musks, can be detected in marine environments that extend from both polar regions to tropical coral reefs (Díaz‐Cruz & Barceló, 2015; Emnet et al, 2015; Claudia & Magrini, 2017; Domínguez‐Morueco et al, 2021). These sunscreen chemicals, in discrete localities, can reach concentrations ranging from parts per trillion to parts per million (Díaz‐Cruz & Barceló, 2015; Downs et al, 2016; Carve et al, 2021).…”

Section: Sunscreen Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

Downs

Remengesau

2022

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Sunscreen pollution can be a symptom of unsustainable tourism and coastal development, impacting marine and aquatic resources. When introduced into marine and freshwater ecosystems, sunscreen pollution can cause a cascade of insults to the ecological structure, from impacting primary production to reducing wildlife reproductive viability and fecundity.2. Without intervention, tourism and its associated development in these coastal areas may become self-destructive, ultimately degrading or destroying the natural resources that are the principal attractions. The environmental sciences that focus on pollution, such as ecotoxicology, environmental contaminant surveys and monitoring, and ecological risk assessments are critical for both describing the pollution phenomenon and identifying pollution sources, as well as providing the basis for mitigation.3. As a case study, the Republic of Palau has taken the step of implementing a precautionary governance policy to tourism that conserves and protects its marine and aquatic resources from chemical factors that are known to contribute to sunscreen and cosmetic pollution. 4. Governance policies can inspire the cosmetic and fashion industries to innovate product formulations that are shown to be ecologically safera critical and viable option for pollution mitigation and an essential component for sustained conservation. Safer products and a precautionary approach to governance, when combined with ecologically and culturally cognizant branding and education, may contribute to an authentic experience that effectively promotes environmentally sustainable tourism.

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Section: Sunscreen Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

Downs

Remengesau

2022

Aquatic Conservation

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“…Polar regions are therefore not excluded from the potential threat posed by n-TiO 2 , as personal care products, ultraviolet (UV)-filter sunscreens and pharmaceuticals have been already reported in Antarctic coastal waters in the vicinity of Antarctic research stations (Emnet et al 2015, Domínguez-Morueco et al 2021). Sewage can carry a significant amount of household products, increasing the risk of exposure for both fresh and marine species (Baker et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the suitability of Branchinecta gaini as a potential biomonitor of contaminants of emerging concern in the Antarctic Peninsula region

et al. 2022

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The occurrence and impact of contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) have been investigated in Antarctica much less than in other parts of the world. Although legacy anthropogenic pollutants can reach Antarctica via long-range transport, CECs mainly originate from local sources. Here, we investigated the ability of a freshwater crustacean, the Antarctic fairy shrimp Branchinecta gaini, to cope with nanoscale titanium dioxide (n-TiO2), a widely used pigment in consumer products (e.g. paintings), including those for personal care (e.g. sunscreens). An in vivo acute short-term exposure study (9 h, n-TiO2 concentration range 50–200 μg ml-1) was performed and the expression levels of several genes involved in stress response were evaluated. No effect on the expression of heat-shock protein chaperone genes was found, with the exception of Hsp70a, which was significantly upregulated at 200 μg ml-1 n-TiO2. Similarly, cytochrome P450 was upregulated at 100 and 200 μg ml-1 n-TiO2, while the expression levels of cathepsin L and of antioxidant genes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly reduced with increasing concentrations of n-TiO2. This study shows for the first time the responsiveness and sensitivity of an Antarctic freshwater crustacean to n-TiO2 exposure and supports its suitability as a biomonitor of CECs in Antarctica.

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Fragrances in Remote Areas

Vecchiato

2023

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Anthropogenic contaminants in freshwater from the northern Antarctic Peninsula region

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

Unravelling the suitability of Branchinecta gaini as a potential biomonitor of contaminants of emerging concern in the Antarctic Peninsula region

Fragrances in Remote Areas

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