Anthropization on the Cerrado biome in the Brazilian Uruçuí-Una Ecological Station estimated from orbital images

Abstract:The Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil after the Amazon and is the savanna with the highest biodiversity in the world. Serra Tombador Natural Reserve (STNR) is the largest private reserve located in Goiás State, and the fourth largest in the Cerrado biome. The present study aimed to map the burnt areas and to describe the spatial patterns of fire recurrence and its interactions with the classes of land-cover that occurred in STNR and its surroundings in the period between 2001 and 2010. Several Landsat TM images acquired around the months of July, August and September, coinciding with the region's dry season when fire events intensify, were employed to monitor burnt areas. Fire scars were mapped using the supervised Mahalanobis-distance classifier and further refined using expert visual interpretation. Burnt area patterns were described by spatial landscape metrics. The effects of fire on landscape structure were obtained by comparing results among different land-cover classes, and results summarized in terms of fire history and frequencies. During the years covered by the study, 69% of the areas analyzed had fire events. The year with the largest burnt area was 2004, followed by 2001, 2007 and 2010. Thus, the largest fire events occurred in a 3-year cycle, which is compatible with other OPEN ACCESS Remote Sens. 2014, 6 9874 areas of the Brazilian savanna. The regions with higher annual probabilities of fire recurrence occur in the buffer zone around the park. The year 2004 also had the highest number of burnt area patches (831). In contrast, the burnt area in 2007 showed the most extensive fires with low number of patches (82). The physiognomies that suffered most fires were the native savanna formations. The study also identified areas where fires are frequently recurrent, highlighting priority areas requiring special attention. Thus, the methodology adopted in this study assists in monitoring and recovery of areas affected by fire over time.

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“…Table 2 and Figure 5). This cyclical behavior of fires events agrees with other results found for savanna environment [69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Burnt Areas In the 2001-2010 Periodsupporting

confidence: 92%

Spatial Patterns of Fire Recurrence Using Remote Sensing and GIS in the Brazilian Savanna: Serra do Tombador Nature Reserve, Brazil

et al. 2014

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“…In contrast to desertification, which is recognised as a major threat to biodiversity, to convert deserts into arable, green landscapes is a global vision as well as competent answer to world hunger and climate change [1], [2]. Desert farming, which generally relies on irrigation, is one way to this vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desert Farming Benefits from Microbial Potential in Arid Soils and Promotes Diversity and Plant Health

et al. 2011

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BackgroundTo convert deserts into arable, green landscapes is a global vision, and desert farming is a strong growing area of agriculture world-wide. However, its effect on diversity of soil microbial communities, which are responsible for important ecosystem services like plant health, is still not known.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe studied the impact of long-term agriculture on desert soil in one of the most prominent examples for organic desert farming in Sekem (Egypt). Using a polyphasic methodological approach to analyse microbial communities in soil as well as associated with cultivated plants, drastic effects caused by 30 years of agriculture were detected. Analysing bacterial fingerprints, we found statistically significant differences between agricultural and native desert soil of about 60%. A pyrosequencing-based analysis of the 16S rRNA gene regions showed higher diversity in agricultural than in desert soil (Shannon diversity indices: 11.21/7.90), and displayed structural differences. The proportion of Firmicutes in field soil was significantly higher (37%) than in the desert (11%). Bacillus and Paenibacillus play the key role: they represented 96% of the antagonists towards phytopathogens, and identical 16S rRNA sequences in the amplicon library and for isolates were detected. The proportion of antagonistic strains was doubled in field in comparison to desert soil (21.6%/12.4%); disease-suppressive bacteria were especially enriched in plant roots. On the opposite, several extremophilic bacterial groups, e.g., Acidimicrobium, Rubellimicrobium and Deinococcus-Thermus, disappeared from soil after agricultural use. The N-fixing Herbaspirillum group only occurred in desert soil. Soil bacterial communities were strongly driven by the a-biotic factors water supply and pH.Conclusions/SignificanceAfter long-term farming, a drastic shift in the bacterial communities in desert soil was observed. Bacterial communities in agricultural soil showed a higher diversity and a better ecosystem function for plant health but a loss of extremophilic bacteria. Interestingly, we detected that indigenous desert microorganisms promoted plant health in desert agro-ecosystems.

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“…This problem was diagnosed in the studies of Pereira and Gama (2010), where the authors analyzed the dynamics of deforestation and fires at the Uruçuí-Uma and nearby Ecological Station, from 2003 to 2008, using images from CCD / CBERS-2 orbital sensors and TM / Landsat-5, saw constant burnings at the end of the dry season and deforestation in the vicinity of the Station.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of anthropization in the “Corrente” river watershed between 1985 and 2010

Machado¹,

Silva

2018

Jour. Hypers. Rem. Sensg.

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This study aimed made a temporal evolution and intensity by anthropogenic process under native vegetation between 1985 and 2010, in the Corrente river watershed (1,887.24 km2), Piauí - Brazil. To make the image mosaics it was used images taken by the Landsat 5 TM sensor from different years (1985, 1990, 2000 and 2010). On the Landsat 5 TM images from basin was made the highlight of vegetation with Normalized Vegetation Difference Index (NVDI), and made a reclassification of NVDI images: disturbed and no disturbed areas. Then, it was processed the sum of all years of NVDI images classified. The results demonstrated rapid anthropogenic alteration in the area of the Corrente river watershed, main between the years 2000 to 2010. The reduction area of vegetation between 1985-2010 was 464.82 km2. Beside, there are areas with more than 20 years of anthropogenic process on the Corrente river watershed.

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Anthropization on the Cerrado biome in the Brazilian Uruçuí-Una Ecological Station estimated from orbital images

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Spatial Patterns of Fire Recurrence Using Remote Sensing and GIS in the Brazilian Savanna: Serra do Tombador Nature Reserve, Brazil

Spatial Patterns of Fire Recurrence Using Remote Sensing and GIS in the Brazilian Savanna: Serra do Tombador Nature Reserve, Brazil

Desert Farming Benefits from Microbial Potential in Arid Soils and Promotes Diversity and Plant Health

Evolution of anthropization in the “Corrente” river watershed between 1985 and 2010

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