Anthocyanins from Black Chokeberry (Aroniamelanocarpa Elliot) Delayed Aging-Related Degenerative Changes of Brain

Abstract

Aging is the greatest risk factor for most neurodegenerative diseases, which is associated with decreasing cognitive function and significantly affecting life quality in the elderly. Computational analysis suggested that 4 anthocyanins from chokeberry fruit increased Klotho (aging-suppressor) structural stability, so we hypothesized that chokeberry anthocyanins could antiaging. To explore the effects of anthocyanins treatment on brain aging, mice treated with 15 or 30 mg/kg anthocyanins by gavage and injected D-galactose accelerated aging per day. After 8 weeks, cognitive and noncognitive components of behavior were determined. Our studies showed that anthocyanins blocked age-associated cognitive decline and response capacity in senescence accelerated mice. Furthermore, mice treated with anthocyanins-supplemented showed better balance of redox systems (SOD, GSH-PX, and MDA) in all age tests. Three major monoamines were norepinephrine, dopamine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine, and their levels were significantly increased; the levels of inflammatory cytokines (COX2, TGF-β1, and IL-1) transcription and DNA damage were decreased significantly in brains of anthocyanins treated mice compared to aged models. The DNA damage signaling pathway was also regulated with anthocyanins. Our results suggested that anthocyanins was a potential approach for maintaining thinking and memory in aging mice, possibly by regulating the balance of redox system and reducing inflammation accumulation, and the most important factor was inhibiting DNA damage.

Anthocyanins from Black Chokeberry Delayed Ageing-related Degenerative Changes in the Heart

“…And so far, It was also proved in our previous research that anthocyanins have a good inhibitory effect on brain ageing and nerve damage induced by DNA damage. [15][16][17] We can conclude that Anthocyanin treatments were effective in slowing ageing-related degeneration of the heart. According to some previous research, anthocyanins can prevent fatty heart disease, heart fibrosis and other chronic heart diseases.…”

Anthocyanins: A Comprehensive Review of Their Chemical Properties and Health Effects on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…The antioxidant effect of anthocyanins in the brain is also confirmed in animal studies through oxidative biomarkers levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreases with anthocyanin treatment, as with black chokeberry extract in the d -galactose mouse model [ 244 ], with cyanidin-3- O -galactoside or blueberry extracts in senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8) mice [ 245 ], with pelargonidin in the amyloid β 25–35 (Aβ) rat model of AD [ 246 ] and with anthocyanins extracted from Korean black soybeans [ 247 ] and from bilberry [ 248 ] in LPS-injected mice. In the latter animal model, restoration of the levels of heat shock protein 70 after blueberry supplementation was also observed [ 249 ].…”

“…In the latter animal model, restoration of the levels of heat shock protein 70 after blueberry supplementation was also observed [ 249 ]. Additionally, anthocyanins are effective in the activation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase [ 241 , 244 , 245 ].…”

Isolation and Identification of procyanidins in Aronia Melanocarpa Using NMR, LC-IT-TOF/MS/MS and MALDI-TOF MS

“…"Oxidative stress" can lead to various chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, senility. and neurodegenerative diseases (Jurikova et al, 2017;Wei et al, 2017). Several in vitro studies have displayed the strong antioxidant properties of proanthocyanidins in rat and cell models where oxidative stress markers were observed to have significant reductions.…”