Anthocyanin-Rich Vegetables for Human Consumption – Focus on Potato, Sweetpotato and Tomato

Abstract

Malnutrition, unhealthy diets, and lifestyle changes have become major risk factors for non-communicable diseases while ad-versely impacting economic growth and sustainable development. Anthocyanins, a group of flavonoids that are rich in fruits and vegetables, contribute positively to human health. This review focuses on genetic variation harnessed through crossbreeding and biotechnology-led approaches for developing anthocyanins-rich fruit and vegetable crops. Significant progress has been made in identifying genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in various crops. Thus, the use of genetics has led to the development and release of anthocyanin-rich crop cultivars in Europe and USA. Such a trend is emerging in the developing world. The purple pota-to “Kufri Neelkanth” has been released for cultivation in northern India, and a few colored grain wheat lines, developed through crossbreeding, are being tested for their productivity and adaptation. Although tomato is deficient in anthocyanins, some of its wild relatives are known to accumulate anthocyanins in their sub-epidermal fruit tissue. In Europe, anthocyanin-rich tomato cul-tivar ‘Sun Black’ developed via the introgression of Aft and atv genes has been released. The development of anthocyanin-rich food crops without any significant yield penalty has been due to the use of genetic engineering involving specific transcription factors or gene editing. The anthocyanin-rich food ingredients have the potential of being more nutritious than those devoid of anthocyanins. The inclusion of anthocyanins as a target characteristic in breeding programs can ensure the development of culti-vars to meet the nutritional needs for human consumption, particularly in the developing world.

The Effect Of CAD/CAM Waste on Mechanical Properties of Heat Cure Acrylic Resin

“…The descriptive statistics of the values including the means and standard deviation (SD) values for each subgroup of surface roughness showed that control group had the higher mean value in surface roughness (1.4620) and the lowest mean value was found in group containing 3%ZrO2 (0.0466) as shown in Tables (2) and Figure (3)…”

“…Waste CAM / CAD Effect Of The 198 study population was completely clueless regarding knowledge pertaining to the recycling process. They were unaware of the proper disposal of some nondegradable dental materials (3,4,5,6). Acrylic resin polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been the most popular material for the construction of dentures for many decades as it has many advantages such as stability, good aesthetics, accurate fit, in the oral environment, inexpensive equipment's, easy clinical and laboratory manipulation (7, 8, 9).…”

Phenolic and anthocyanin content characterization related to genetic diversity analysis of Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum Chilotanum Group in southern Chile

“…The biological activities of polyphenols in potatoes might be helpful for breeders in designing new varieties with numerous health benefits, for both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries (Rasheed et al, 2022). The inclusion of anthocyanins as a characteristic target in breeding programs can ensure the development of cultivars to satisfy the nutritional requirements in human consumption in the developing world (Mattoo et al, 2022).…”

Developing Germplasm and Promoting Consumption of Anthocyanin-Rich Grains for Health Benefits

“…A dietary regime enriched in polyphenols, tomato NILs in the genetic background of Bronze-tomato enriched in flavonols, anthocyanins, and stilbenoids (Scarano et al, 2018), administered to Winnie and control mice showed significant induction of anti-inflammatory genes and may efficiently support IBD remission affecting the intestinal dysbiosis (Liso et al, 2018). Both crossbreeding and biotechnology approaches were used to develop anthocyanins rich germplasm/cultivars (Mattoo et al, 2021), which may be further crossed to develop NILs differing in a particular biochemical compound to investigate its long-term effect on human health. The transcription factors involved in regulating the structural and other genes in the biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanin are depicted in…”