Anthocyanin Effects in Reducing Platelet Hyperactivity and Thrombotic Risk in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Platelet hyperactivity has a crucial role in initiating vascular thrombosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to assess the effect of anthocyanins on several risk markers of thrombosis in T2DM. Twenty-three patients with T2DM consumed 320 mg of AC/day in the form of Medox ® capsules for 28 days. Blood pressure and anthropometric measures were taken before and after the intervention period. Fasting blood samples were collected pre and post-intervention to perform different analyses. Analysis of platelet activation measured the platelet activation measured the expression of platelet surface marker. Surface markers included CD41a and P-selectin in adenosine diphosphate (ADP) stimulated platelets. Platelet aggregation, full blood examination, coagulation and biochemistry profile analyses were also evaluated pre and post-intervention.Results: Flow cytometric analysis showed no effect of AC on the expression of P-selectin. There were significant reductions in ADP and collagenstimulated platelet aggregation. The hematologic measurements showed no impact of AC. Coagulation analysis demonstrated a non-significant change of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, or fibrinogen level in the blood. This study showed a reduction of platelet aggregation and total serum cholesterol. These results suggest that AC positively impacts attenuating platelet function potential improvement in lipid profile, minimising thrombotic risk.