Anthelmintic resistance on sheep farms in Wales

Disease surveillance in England and Wales, February 2016

“…Resistance to ivermectin (macrocyclic lactone, 3-ML) was also detected on 51 per cent of farms and 19 per cent of farms tested demonstrated evidence of resistance to moxidectin (3-ML) (http://hccmpw.org.uk/farming/projects/anthelmintic_resistance_project/). This confirmed an apparent increase in resistance compared to previous studies in England and Wales (Mitchell and others 2010, Jones and others 2012). …”

A systematic review and meta-analysis of factors associated with anthelmintic resistance in sheep

“…Moreover, countries which have publications on multiple cross-sectional studies over time, such as Brazil (Echevarria et al, 1996;SczesnyMoraes et al, 2010), New Zealand (Kettle et al, 1981;Waghorn et al, 2006) and the United Kingdom (Cawthorne and Cheong, 1984;Bartley et al, 2003;Mitchell et al, 2010), reported a worsening situation, with an increase both in AHR prevalence and in the number of GIN species affected. Multiple-drug resistance is also increasing (Sargison et al, 2007;Voigt et al, 2012;Martínez-Valladares et al, 2013), while a recent report by Scott et al (2013) documented the first case of resistance to monepantel, a novel drug-class which has only been commercially available since 2009.…”

Prevalence and on-farm risk factors for diarrhoea in meat lamb flocks in Western Australia

“…Farmers that occasionally, usually or always used WECs for planning parasite control (determining if an anthelmintic treatment was warranted), were from districts with higher average annual rainfall and therefore likely to have a higher risk of helminthosis, compared to those districts with lower average annual rainfall. Anthelmintic resistance poses an ongoing challenge to sheep enterprises (Besier and Love, 2003;Gilleard, 2006;Beraldi et al, 2008;Greer et al, 2009;Jackson et al, 2009;Mitchell et al, 2010;Sargison et al, 2010;Sutherland et al, 2010) and an increased utilisation of WEC testing by farmers, as a means of determining if anthelmintic treatments are justified, may aid in reducing treatment frequency, increasing refugia and delaying resistance development to treatments (Dobson et al, 2001;Besier and Love, 2003;Besier, 2008;Woodgate and Besier, 2010).…”