Anthelmintic activity of<i>Stevia multiaristata</i>extract against<i>Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto</i>

Albani, Clara; Borgo, Jimena; Fabbri, Julia; Pensel, Patricia Eugenia; Fasciani, L; Elso, Orlando G.; Papademetrio, Daniela L.; Grasso, Daniel; Paladini, Antonela; Beer, Maria Florencia; Farias, Nahuel Emiliano; Elissondo, Natalia; Gambino, Guillermo; Zoppi, Jorge; Sülsen, Valeria P.; Elissondo, Marı́a Celina

doi:10.1017/s0031182021002109

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In addition, S. aristata extract caused a rapid collapse of the germinal layer of the cysts. These results agree with our previous studies using S. multiaristata extract [ 14 ]. However, S. aristata extract caused a lower EC50 value (47.86 μ g/mL) at 96 h in comparison with S. multiaristata (69 μ g/mL).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Administration of 50 mg/ kg of S. aristata extract for 23 days in infected mice caused a significant decrease in the weight of the cysts compared with the control group and remarkable ultrastructural damage on the germinal layer. Similar results were obtained after treatment with 50 mg/kg of S. multiaristata extract for 20 days [14]. Our results are also consistent with those previously reported by other authors who used the methanolic extract of Zataria multiflora and the aqueous extract of Sophora moorcroftiana seeds [43,54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Based on the promising findings recently reported by Albani et al [ 14 ] where a Stevia multiaristata extract was used against E. granulosus (s.s.), we proposed to carry out a screening of other Asteraceae species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiparasitic Effects of Asteraceae Species Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus s.s

Albani

Borgo

Fabbri

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), which is worldwide distributed and causes long-lasting infections in animals and humans. The existing treatment is limited to the use of benzimidazoles, mainly albendazole (ABZ). However, it has unwanted side effects and its efficacy is about 50%. The Asteraceae family includes plants that have therapeutic applications (medicinal species) and has an important role in new drug development. The species belonging to a different genus of this family show a wide range of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and antiparasitic activities, among others. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of extracts of four Asteraceae species against protoscoleces of E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.). On the other hand, the Stevia aristata extract was assessed on the murine cyst of E. granulosus (s.s.) and the efficacy of S. aristata extract was investigated in a murine model of CE. Stevia satureiifolia, S. aristata, Grindelia pulchella, and G. chiloensis extracts at 100 μg/mL caused a decrease in protoscoleces viability; however, S. aristata extract produced the greatest in vitro protoscolicidal effect. After 20 days of treatment with the highest concentration (100 μg/mL) of S. aristata extract, protoscoleces viability decreased to 0%. The tegumental changes observed by scanning electron microscopy were consistent with the reduction in vitality. The collapse of the germinal layer was registered in 60 ± 5.8% and 83.3 ± 12.0% of cysts treated during 4 days with 50 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of the S. aristata extract against E. granulosus (s.s.) cysts was 47.86 μg/mL (96 h). The dosage of infected animals with the 50 mg kg−1 dose of S. aristata extract resulted in a significant reduction in cyst weight in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, S. aristata extract was demonstrated to exert a marked effect, both in vitro and in the murine model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Antiparasitic Effects of Asteraceae Species Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus s.s

Albani

Borgo

Fabbri

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Structural and ultra-structural changes observed by light microscopy and SEM were similar to those reported in previous investigations that studied the anthelmintic effect of medicinal plant extracts [ 7 , 8 , 31 ] or isolated compounds such as carvacrol, thymol, and beta-myrcene against E. granulosus s.s protoscoleces [ 32 – 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Evaluation of the Protoscolicidal Activity of Humulus lupulus Methanolic Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto

Albani,

Iglesias,

Albanese

et al. 2024

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The larval stage of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l) is responsible for cystic echinococcosis (CE), a long-term infection affecting humans and animals worldwide, and constitutes a serious public health concern. If left untreated, CE can cause serious damage to multiple organs, especially the liver and lungs. Regarding the treatment, in the last few years, the use of pharmacological treatment has increased, suggesting that in the future, drug therapy may replace surgery for uncomplicated cysts. However, the only available anthelmintic drug to treat this infection is the albendazole, which has an efficacy that does not exceed 50%. On the basis of the above-mentioned evidence, new and improved alternative treatments are urgently needed. The use of natural products and their active fractions and components holds great promise as a valuable resource for the development of novel and effective therapies. Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is a bittering agent in the brewing industry for which the sedative, digestive, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects have been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro efficacy of methanolic extracts from the leaves of hop varieties against E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s) protoscoleces. Varieties Mapuche and Victoria caused a stronger protoscolicidal effect compared to the Bullion, Cascade, and Traful varieties (P<0.01), coinciding with their highest content of flavonoids, total polyphenols, and saponins. The viability of protoscoleces treated with the varieties Mapuche and Victoria decreased to approximately 50% at days 5 y 8, respectively, showing alterations such as soma contraction and impaired microtriches. After 18 days of treatment with both varieties, protoscoleces were completely altered both structurally and ultrastructurally. In conclusion, the methanolic extracts of the H. lupulus varieties Mapuche and Victoria demonstrated a marked in vitro effect against E. granulosus s.s. protoscoleces. The beer-making industry exclusively uses hop cones, leaving behind large amounts of hop leaves as an agricultural by-product that is not being utilized. On the basis of our study, we propose that hop leaves could also be used as a source of secondary metabolites with anthelmintic activity.

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Extracts and Terpenoids from Stevia Species as Potential Anthelmintics for Neglected Tropical Diseases Caused by Cestode Parasites

Cevasco Contreras,

Borgo,

Celentano

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Cestodes are etiological agents of neglected diseases such as echinococcosis and cysticercosis, which are major public health problems. Antiparasitic treatment relies on a small number of approved drugs, which are often only partially effective, poorly tolerated and require prolonged administration. Thus, the discovery of novel potential treatments is critical. The Stevia genus (Asteraceae) includes species that are recognized as a source of bioactive compounds, with many species associated with medicinal uses. In this study, the cestocidal activity of four South American Stevia species that previously showed antiprotozoal activity was analyzed using a motility assay on the laboratory cestode model, Mesocestoides vogae. The four Stevia extracts showed cestocidal activity, with S. alpina var. alpina as the most active. The sesquiterpene lactones estafietin and eupatoriopicrin were purified from S. alpina var. alpina and S. maimarensis, respectively, and tested on M. vogae. Estafietin showed cestocidal activity, inhibiting parasite viability in a dose-dependent manner, even from the first day of incubation. Consistent with the motility effects, the extract of S. alpina var. alpina and estafietin induced marked alterations in the morphology of the parasite. The results of this report show that Stevia species represent a source of new molecules with potential for the treatment of neglected tropical diseases caused by cestodes.

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Anthelmintic activity ofStevia multiaristataextract againstEchinococcus granulosus sensu stricto

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Antiparasitic Effects of Asteraceae Species Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus s.s

Antiparasitic Effects of Asteraceae Species Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus s.s

Evaluation of the Protoscolicidal Activity of Humulus lupulus Methanolic Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto

Extracts and Terpenoids from Stevia Species as Potential Anthelmintics for Neglected Tropical Diseases Caused by Cestode Parasites

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