Anterior Tragal Crease Is Associated With SYNTAX Score in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Kul, Selim; Konuş, Ali Hakan; Dursun, İhsan; Turhan, Turan; Çırakoğlu, Ömer Faruk; Şahin, Sinan; Karal, Hüseyin; Akyüz, Ali Rıza

doi:10.1177/0003319720920143

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…11 In this issue, Kul et al investigate the relation between ATC and CAD in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. 12 Coronary artery lesion complexity and severity is assessed using the SYNTAX score (SXscore). Data are derived from 121 patients with first-time diagnosis of NSTEMI.…”

Section: Anterior Tragal Creasementioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Tragal Crease: A Marker of Coronary Artery Disease

Agouridis

2020

Angiology

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The prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD), comprising coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, stroke, and hypertension in adults 20 years of age is 48.0% overall and increases with age in both males and females. 1 Coronary artery disease (43.2%) is the leading cause of CVD death in the United States, followed by stroke (16.9%), hypertension (9.8%), and heart failure (9.3%). 1 Total CAD prevalence is 6.7% in US adults 20 years of age (7.4% for males and 6.2% for females). 1 It is estimated that by 2030, 40.5% of the US population will have some form of CVD. 2 Traditional CV risk factors include age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, obesity, as well as family history of premature coronary heart disease. Other CVD risk predictors include certain inflammatory and hemostatic markers, endothelial dysfunction, homocysteine, microalbuminuria/proteinuria, coronary artery calcium score, arterial stiffness, inflammatory bowel syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, impaired glucose metabolism, metabolic syndrome as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 3 Changes in ear crease have been suggested as potential markers of CAD in numerous studies. 4 These ear crease changes, such as diagonal ear lobe crease (ELC) and anterior tragal crease (ATC) are simple clinical signs easily recognized by general practitioners. This makes ATC and ELC promising signs, in combination with the above risk factors, to identify patients at risk of developing clinical atherosclerosis.

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Section: Anterior Tragal Creasementioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Tragal Crease: A Marker of Coronary Artery Disease

Agouridis

2020

Angiology

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“…The first described, and most studied, type of ear crease is the diagonal earlobe crease (DELC), also known as Frank's sign [2]. Secondly, vertical creases anterior to the tragus, a single crease is termed anterior tragal line whereas multiple creases are termed preauricular vertical creases [3]. Finally, two creases located at the upper pole of the ear helix are known as the paired ear creases of the helix (PECH) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified Anatomical Explanation of Diagonal Earlobe Creases, Preauricular Creases, and Paired Creases of the Helix

Abrahim¹

2022

Cureus

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Three types of ear creases have been described in the medical literature in association with several cardiovascular and metabolic disorders: diagonal earlobe creases (DELCs) (Frank's sign), preauricular vertical creases, and paired ear creases of the helix (PECH). The exact mechanism of development of such creases, as well as an explanation of their association with cardiometabolic disorders, remains unclear. Herein, the author provides a suggested unified mechanism of development of all three types of auricular creases. In addition, an anatomical explanation linking the associated cardiometabolic disorders and the three types of ear creases to the common culprit of facial visceral adiposity will be given.

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“…This year, while perusing Angiology, an interdisciplinary academic peer-reviewed journal that publishes research findings relative to the diagnosis and treatment of vascular disease, we were captivated by a report describing how the presence of a preauricular crease (PAC) served as an indicator of the complexity and severity of angiographically documented stenotic coronary artery lesions among a cohort of patients admitted to the hospital for acute coronary syndrome. 1 This observation has very important patient care implications given that myocardial infarction (MI) is the number 1 cause of death among older men in Brazil and the United States and specifically because almost half of such deceased individuals had an occult form of coronary artery atherosclerotic disease, without prodromal signs, symptoms, and traditional risk factors. Unfortunately, most health care providers are unaware of the negative cardiovascular implications of the PAC and therefore do not act accordingly.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This latter determination is made in concert with the work of other investigators who have similarly denoted that the PAC is somewhat more sen-sitive than the DELC as an indicator of atherosclerotic disease. 1 At this juncture, it also is critical to emphasize that carotid plaque seen on a PI often heralds near-term MI because of advanced atherosclerotic disease in the coronary vessels. 5 Therefore, we believe that it is reasonable to recommend that the oral and maxillofacial surgeon examines both the preauricular facial area and the earlobes for creases when conducting the maxillofacial component of the presurgical physical examination, as well as analyze accompanying imaging studies for the presence of calcified atheromas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%