Anterior segment development relevant to glaucoma

Gould, Douglas B.; Smith, Richard; John, Simon W. M.

doi:10.1387/ijdb.041865dg

Cited by 165 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…Maintenance of the proper IOP is important both for the normal functioning of the adult eye (Gould et al, 2004) and the continued growth of the developing embryonic eye (Coulombre and Coulombre, 1957). In addition to its important role in IOP establishment and maintenance, the ciliary body also is responsible for synthesizing many proteins of the inner limiting membrane, a structure that is crucial for the survival of retinal ganglion cells (Halfter et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genes expressed preferentially in the developing peripheral margin of the optic cup

Trimarchi

Cho

Cepko

2009

Developmental Dynamics

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Specification of the peripheral optic cup by Wnt signaling is critical for formation of the ciliary body/iris. Identification of marker genes for this region during development provides a starting point for functional analyses. During transcriptional profiling of single cells from the developing eye, two cells were identified that expressed genes not found in most other single cell profiles. In situ hybridizations demonstrated that many of these genes were expressed in the peripheral optic cup in both early mouse and chicken development, and in the ciliary body/iris at subsequent developmental stages. These analyses indicate that the two cells probably originated from the developing ciliary body/iris. Changes in expression of these genes were assayed in embryonic chicken retinas when canonical Wnt signaling was ectopically activated by CA-␤-catenin. Twelve ciliary body/iris genes were identified as upregulated following induction, suggesting they are excellent candidates for downstream effectors of Wnt signaling in the optic cup. Developmental

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genes expressed preferentially in the developing peripheral margin of the optic cup

Trimarchi

Cho

Cepko

2009

Developmental Dynamics

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“…The anterior uvea includes the ciliary body, iris, trabecular meshwork, and Schlemm's canal. These tissues of the anterior eye are derived from cells of different origins: the neural epithelium, surface ectoderm, and mesenchymal cells originating from both the neural crest and cranial mesodermal origin (Cvekl and Tamm, 2004;Gould et al, 2004). The differentiation of the anterior part of the eye proceeds through a series of inductive interactions between different tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the proper functioning of all structures in the anterior segment requires perfect coordination of their development. In the recent past, the efforts of many investigators led to the discovery of the numerous genes involved in the development of the anterior part of the eye, these being mostly transcriptional factors (Cvekl and Tamm, 2004;Gould et al, 2004). However, the molecular nature of the inductive signaling controlling the precise patterning of the anterior segment has remained unknown, for the most part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression patterns of Wnt genes during development of an anterior part of the chicken eye

Fokina

Frolova

2005

Developmental Dynamics

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To address the roles of Wnts in the development of the anterior eye, we used a chicken model to perform comprehensive expression analysis of all Wnt genes during anterior eye development. In analyzing the available genomic sequences, we found that the chicken genome encodes 18 Wnt proteins that are homologous to corresponding human and mouse proteins. The mRNA sequences for 12 chicken Wnt genes are available in GenBank, and mRNAs for six other Wnt genes (Wnt2, Wnt5b, Wnt7b, Wnt8b, Wnt9b, and Wnt16) were identified and cloned based on the homology to the genes from other species. In addition, we found that chicken Wnt3a and Wnt7b genes encode two alternative mRNA isoforms containing different first exons. Following in situ hybridization, we found that out of 18 Wnt genes, 11 genes were expressed in the anterior eye, exhibiting distinct temporal-spatial patterns. Several Wnts were expressed in the lens, including Wnt2 and Wnt2b in the anterior epithelium and Wnt5a, Wnt5b, Wnt7a, and Wnt7b in the differentiating lens fiber cells. In the cornea, we detected Wnt3a, Wnt6, and Wnt9b in the ocular surface ectoderm, including the corneal epithelium, and Wnt9a in the corneal endothelium from the onset of its differentiation. In the optic cup, Wnt2, Wnt2b, and Wnt9a were localized in the rim of the optic cup (presumptive iris), while Wnt5a and Wnt16 were detected in the ciliary epithelium/iris zone of the differentiated optic cup, and Wnt6 was expressed in the iridial mesenchyme. These data suggest that Wnt signaling might play important roles in anterior eye development. Developmental Dynamics 235: 496 -505, 2006.

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“…The corneal stromal lamellar arrangement by E17.5 and the secondary lens fibres are produced at the equatorial areas of the lens. At this stage of development, formation of a functional corneal endothelium is thought to be a pre-requisite for the formation of the anterior chamber [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Prenatal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that TGFB signaling appears to be essential for the formation of normal cornea during early eye development [36,37,38]. The TGFB super-family of secreted signaling molecules has an influence on several biological processes including: cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell death, bone morphogenesis and wound repair [16]. It is divided into two separate branches with similar function: the bone morphogenetic protein/growth and differentiation factor (BMP/GDF) and the transforming growth factor-B1 (TGFB1) branch.…”

Section: The Role Of Cadherins In Neural Crest Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Anterior Segment Development with Emphasis on Genetics and Correlation with Pathogenesis of Developmental & Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

Alkatan¹

2017

AOVS

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The ocular anterior segment structures are derived from periocular mesenchyme, which consists of neural crest cells and cranial paraxial mesoderm. Many embryological facts have been developed based on the fates of neural crest and mesoderm in mice and in chick. The interactions between the ocular mesenchyme and the surface ectoderm derived cells are also essential for the coordination of anterior segment development. These interactions are mediated by several transcription factors expressed in both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells and are being extensively studied. Anterior Segment dysgenesis (ASD) is a spectrum of disorders of variable phenotypic expressions caused by abnormal migration and differentiation of neural crest cells. Patients with ASD are susceptible to develop infantile glaucoma, congenital endothelial dystrophy, sclerocornea and aniridia. There has been an evident overlapping observation in the genetic mutations between the ASD phenotypic spectrum and glaucoma especially the primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) since it involves abnormal development of Schlemm's canal and the drainage structures. In this review, we are highlighting the steps in the embryological development of the anterior segment chamber structures. We also present the role of various transcription factors and link the above information to some of the genetic abnormalities, which are known in association with the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

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Anterior segment development relevant to glaucoma

Cited by 165 publications

References 164 publications

Identification of genes expressed preferentially in the developing peripheral margin of the optic cup

Identification of genes expressed preferentially in the developing peripheral margin of the optic cup

Expression patterns of Wnt genes during development of an anterior part of the chicken eye

Update on Anterior Segment Development with Emphasis on Genetics and Correlation with Pathogenesis of Developmental & Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

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