Anterior Mediastinal Benign Teratodermoid Tumour With Intraparenchymal Extension Through Cystobronchial Connection: A Rare Case Report

Abstract

Asymptomatic presentation is common in benign mature mediastinal tumours. Symptoms of the above diseases are sometimes life-threatening and can cause massive hemoptysis, recurrent pulmonary infection, hypoxia related to the pulmonary parenchymal hemorrhage, or pressure effect on or more of the major bronchi. A 16-year-old boy presented with frequent episodes of hemoptysis and recurrent fever unresponsive to antimicrobials. On investigation, it was found to be a benign mature mediastinal mass with cystobronchial connection to the right middle lobe. Resection of this mass resulted in the complete recovery of the individual. An anterior mediastinal benign teratodermoid tumour with intraparenchymal extension through cystobronchial connection is very rare. Surgical resection is challenging but offers the complete cure.

Mediastinal Mature Cystic Teratoma With Intrapulmonary Extension Mimicking a Hydatid Cyst: Advantages of MRI in Diagnostics

“…Rupture or overgrowth into the tracheobronchial tree can cause hemoptysis and trichoptysis or recurrent pulmonary infection or inflammatory disease as observed in our case of lipoid pneumonia. Teratomas can also rupture into the pleural or pericardial cavity, leading to pleural effusion or cardiac tamponade [3,6,7]. In addition, superior vena cava syndrome or brachial plexus neuritis can occur because of pericardial or vascular ingrowth of the mass [1].…”