Anterior En Masse Retraction in Orthodontics

Abstract

This article reviews and critically analyzes the literature on mini-implants (temporary anchorage devices) for anterior en masse retraction in orthodontics. The search methods used were an E-database search, a secondary computerized search of orthodontics journals, and a reference list of selected studies. Eligibility criteria included individuals who underwent orthodontic treatment for correction of malocclusion with premolar extraction. Data were taken from PubMed and Scopus as well as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Keywords used for searching the article were temporary anchorage devices, premolar extraction, orthodontics, and anterior en masse retraction, Anterior en masse retraction with sliding mechanics in pre-adjusted edgewise appliances was considered for the study. Data collection and analysis involved three different researchers performing three steps of selection. All titles were initially filtered for irrelevant review articles. In the first step, all summaries from the selected studies were reviewed, and in the second, the entire content of the papers was read. The study was then discarded based on qualifying standards. A chart was created using the data from the final chosen research as well as the findings. The following information was evaluated for the final table: author, publication year, research structure, study group, sample size, methods/measures, study findings, and conclusion about frictionless mechanics. Results showed that a meta-analysis was not feasible due to clinical and statistical variability, as well as variations in study design, sample selection, and sample size. Thus, it was concluded that sliding mechanisms are widely employed in orthodontic treatment, but temporary anchorage devices and sliding mechanisms deliver great results. There is a need to raise awareness about these devices and use them with care.