Anterior cruciate ligament injury about 20 years post‐treatment: A kinematic analysis of one‐leg hop

Abstract

Reduced dynamic knee stability, often evaluated with one-leg hops (OLHs), is reported after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This may lead to long-standing altered movement patterns, which are less investigated. 3D kinematics during OLH were explored in 70 persons 23 ± 2 years after ACL injury; 33 were treated with physiotherapy in combination with ACL reconstruction (ACL(R)) and 37 with physiotherapy alone (ACL(PT)). Comparisons were made to 33 matched controls. We analyzed (a) maximal knee joint angles and range of motion (flexion, abduction, rotation); (b) medio-lateral position of the center of mass (COM) in relation to knee and ankle joint centers, during take-off and landing phases. Unlike controls, ACL-injured displayed leg asymmetries: less knee flexion and less internal rotation at take-off and landing and more lateral COM related to knee and ankle joint of the injured leg at landing. Compared to controls, ACL(R) had larger external rotation of the injured leg at landing. ACL(PT) showed less knee flexion and larger external rotation at take-off and landing, and larger knee abduction at Landing. COM was more medial in relation to the knee at take-off and less laterally placed relative to the ankle at landing. ACL injury results in long-term kinematic alterations during OLH, which are less evident for ACL(R).

Nonparametric inference for functional‐on‐scalar linear models applied to knee kinematic hop data after injury of the anterior cruciate ligament

“…Our analysis confirms that the ABRAMOWICZ ET AL. events of maximal flexion, analyzed for example in the work of Tengman et al (2015), provides some insight into how the groups may differ. However, basing only on analyses on comparisons of movement data taken at one particular point in time provides limited information, and with the present procedure, we are able to detect significant differences in large parts of the takeoff and landing phases.…”

“…Previous studies indicated differences in the movement patterns between these groups (Hébert-Losier et al, 2015;Tengman, Grip, Stensdotter, & Häger, 2015). Tengman et al (2015) had a limitation because it is only considering selected landmarks (events) of the curves.…”

“…Tengman et al (2015) had a limitation because it is only considering selected landmarks (events) of the curves. The previous analysis included group effects and covariates but did not take into account the information coming from the functional nature of the data.…”

“…The previous analysis included group effects and covariates but did not take into account the information coming from the functional nature of the data. In the work of Tengman et al (2015), the complete functional data were considered but without taking covariates into account. Both these studies indicate less knee flexion among the individuals treated with physiotherapy compared with the control group.…”

A statistically compiled test battery for feasible evaluation of knee function after rupture of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament – derived from long-term follow-up data

“…In addition, these tests challenge dynamic knee joint stability differently, where most likely the SH exerts higher demands on rotational stability (cf. [32, 33]) and may be more critical when evaluating capacity in the clinic [7]. For the SH, we have recently demonstrated that the test challenges knee stability substantially (data obtained from the same study population as in the present paper [32]).…”