Anterior Cruciate Ligament Failure and Cartilage Damage during Knee Joint Compression

Yeow, Chen-Hua; Cheong, C.H.; Ng, Kian Siang; Lee, Peter Vee Sin; Goh, James Cho Hong

doi:10.1177/0363546507312645

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Theories have proposed various contributors to or risk factors for injury: intrinsic [1][2][3][4] and extrinsic 1,[4][5][6] entities; the antagonist-agonist relationships 7,8 ; quadriceps contraction 4 ; and, more recently, axial compressive forces on the lateral aspect of the joint [9][10][11][12] . Initial reports on mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury were based on interviews with the athletes or descriptive analyses of videotapes 1,5,13 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibiofemoral Alignment: Contributing Factors to Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Boden

Breit

Sheehan

2009

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibiofemoral Alignment: Contributing Factors to Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Boden

Breit

Sheehan

2009

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume

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“…(2) There is emerging evidence from recent scientific findings that the mechanism of ligament injury-derived OA begins with ligament injury and the subsequent changes in ligament mechanics and biochemistry that renders the joint unstable [35,52,53].…”

Section: Ligament Laxity -Pathway To Chronic Joint Pain and Osteoarthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Basis of Joint Instability as Cause for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Its Successful Treatment with Regenerative Injection Therapy (Prolotherapy)

Hauser¹,

Blakemore²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

TOPAINJ

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Joint dysfunctions and associated musculoskeletal pain are among the most common medical complaints presented to clinicians. Ligaments are collagenous fibrous structures that are primarily responsible for maintaining smooth joint motion, restraining excessive joint displacement, and providing stability across the joint. Ligaments also act as sensory organs for the joints and have significant input to pain sensation. When ligaments are subjected to forces beyond their normal range of motion, injury and failure occur, resulting in joint laxity (looseness or instability), and subsequent disruptions in the balance between joint mobility and joint stability. These dysfunctions can result in joint pain and the development of osteoarthritis. Several strategies have been employed over the years in attempts to improve joint instability from ligament injury; however, some of the standard therapeutic approaches (drugs, corticosteroid injections, and surgery) employed to address these problems have not been very effective because they often do not address the underlying cause of the problems, and in fact can inhibit ligament healing and restoration. For these reasons, there is current and growing interest among patients and clinicians in prolotherapy, an alternative therapeutic modality that can reduce or eliminate pain by stimulating the natural regenerative processes in and around the joint to facilitate the restoration of degenerated ligaments and tendons to a healthy state, improving joint support, function and reducing pain. This review presents current evidence from clinical studies demonstrating that prolotherapy is a significant and effective alternative treatment modality for people with ligament-related injuries and resultant joint instability.

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“…The rate of loading was based on a single 10-Hz haversine curve, simulating the impact experienced during landing. 15 Dental cement (Base-liquid and powder, Dentsply, Tianjin, China) was used to secure the explant in the potting cup. Each explant was immersed in medium and a 10-N pre-loading was introduced by spatially adjusting the actuator via MTS to ensure contact between the compression plate and the explant.…”

Section: Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thambyah et al 14 found that menisci-covered cartilage exhibited considerably larger modulus by $70%, and was thinner than exposed cartilage by $40%; subchondral bone quantity and calcified layer thickness were also significantly lesser. Yeow et al 15 further underscored that exposed regions do not generally sustain more damage than neighboring menisci-covered regions during a simulated landing impact of the knee joint; this observation suggested that the exposed cartilage region is more primed for load-bearing than its meniscicovered counterpart. However, it is not fully understood whether these regions also possess different levels of susceptibility to degeneration, which may be more relevant for understanding post-traumatic OA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study has shown that a displacement-controlled simulated landing impact applied to an intact porcine knee joint can induce both anterior cruciate ligament failure and cartilage damage. 15 In this study, we adopted a similar displacement-controlled loading condition so as to understand the effect of impact compression on different tibial osteochondral regions. We hypothesized that the menisci-covered osteochondral regions are more susceptible to structural damage compared to the exposed regions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Damage and degenerative changes in menisci‐covered and exposed tibial osteochondral regions after simulated landing impact compression—a porcine study

Yeow

Lau

Lee

et al. 2009

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The capacity of menisci-covered and exposed tibial osteochondral regions in resisting impact-induced damage and degeneration is not fully understood. This study sought to evaluate damage and degenerative changes in these regions upon a single simulated landing impact. We hypothesized that the menisci-covered regions are more susceptible to damage and degeneration than their exposed counterparts. Meniscicovered and exposed tibial osteochondral explants were extracted from fresh porcine hind legs and placed in culture up to 14 days. Impact compression, based on a single 10-Hz haversine, was performed at Day 1. Control (non-impact) and impacted explants were randomly selected for cell viability assessment, glycoaminoglycan and collagen content assays, histology, immunohistochemistry, and micro-computed tomography. When subjected to 2-mm displacement compression, exposed explants achieved a significantly higher peak impact stress (p < 0.05) than menisci-covered explants. No significant difference in cell viability, glycoaminoglycan and collagen content, and Mankin scores (p > 0.05) was observed between both explant groups. Both groups were observed with reduced proteoglycan and type II collagen staining at Day 14; the exposed group was noted with increased cartilage volume at Days 7-14. The inferior resistance of menisci-covered regions, against impactinduced damage and degeneration, is a potential factor that may contribute to the meniscectomy model of osteoarthritis. ß

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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Failure and Cartilage Damage during Knee Joint Compression

Abstract: Cartilage injury arising at the time of ACL injury may lead to an accelerated risk of joint degeneration.

Cited by 42 publications

References 36 publications

Tibiofemoral Alignment: Contributing Factors to Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Tibiofemoral Alignment: Contributing Factors to Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Structural Basis of Joint Instability as Cause for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Its Successful Treatment with Regenerative Injection Therapy (Prolotherapy)

Damage and degenerative changes in menisci‐covered and exposed tibial osteochondral regions after simulated landing impact compression—a porcine study

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