Anterior cingulate cortex volume and emotion regulation: Is bigger better?

Giuliani, Nicole R.; Drabant, Emily M.; Gross, James J.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.11.010

Cited by 95 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Consistent with this possibility, exploratory partial correlation analyses in the current study indicated that increased cortical thickness in the ACC of high-risk girls was significantly associated with improved expression and regulation of sad emotions. This pattern of a positive association between ACC gray matter and adaptive responding to negative emotions is consistent with findings of a recent study of never-depressed adults (Giuliani, Drabant, & Gross, 2011) and with results of a study that found that a less severe course of depression was associated with significantly thicker ACC gray matter (Frodl, Jäger, et al, 2008). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Neural markers of familial risk for depression: An investigation of cortical thickness abnormalities in healthy adolescent daughters of mothers with recurrent depression.

Foland‐Ross¹,

Gilbert²,

Joormann

et al. 2015

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Objective Having a mother with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the strongest predictors of depression in late adolescence and early adulthood. Despite this fact, we know little about the neural mechanisms involved in the intergenerational transmission of risk for depression. Method Twenty-eight never-disordered daughters of recurrent depressed mothers (high-risk) and 36 never-disordered daughters of never-depressed mothers (low-risk) were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging. Scan data were processed to provide measurements of cortical gray matter thickness. A General Linear Model was conducted at each surface point to assess the main effect of familial risk on cortical structure as well as to explore the interaction of familial risk and age. Results High-risk girls exhibited significantly thinner cortical gray matter in the right fusiform gyrus relative to low-risk girls. Exploratory analyses indicated interactions of risk group and age in the bilateral anterior insula and right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); whereas low-risk girls exhibited an inverse association between age and cortical thickness, girls at high risk for depression showed the reverse pattern. Additional exploratory analyses, using scores on the Children’s Sadness Management Scale, indicated that thinner gray matter in the ACC of high-risk girls was associated with greater difficulty in managing sadness. Conclusions These findings indicate that anomalous reductions in the cortical thickness of the fusiform gyrus may be a marker of risk for MDD. The interaction of age and group for gray matter thickness of the insula and ACC suggests a particularly important role for these regions in risk for depression and warrants additional research in longitudinal studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Neural markers of familial risk for depression: An investigation of cortical thickness abnormalities in healthy adolescent daughters of mothers with recurrent depression.

Foland‐Ross¹,

Gilbert²,

Joormann

et al. 2015

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…The summed score for the six reappraisal items (e.g., “When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation”) was used specifically, because unlike suppression, which is also measured by the Emotional Reappraisal Questionnaire, cognitive reappraisal has been associated with both the function and structure of the dACC (Giuliani et al, 2011; Ochsner and Gross, 2005). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior cingulate cortex gray matter volume mediates an association between 2D:4D ratio and trait aggression in women but not men

Gorka

Norman

Radtke

et al. 2015

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Previous research demonstrates that prenatal testosterone exposure increases aggression, possibly through its effects on the structure and function of neural circuits supporting threat detection and emotion regulation. Here we examined associations between regional gray matter volume, trait aggression, and the ratio of the second and fourth digit of the hand (2D:4D ratio) as a putative index of prenatal testosterone exposure in 464 healthy young adult volunteers. Our analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between 2D:4D ratio and gray matter volume of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), a brain region supporting, emotion regulation, conflict monitoring, and behavioral inhibition. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that reduced (i.e., masculinized) gray matter volume in the dACC mediated the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and aggression in women, but not men. Expanding on this gender-specific mediation, additional analyses demonstrated that the shared variance between 2D:4D ratio, dACC gray matter volume, and aggression in women reflected the tendency to engage in cognitive reappraisal of emotionally provocative stimuli. Our results provide novel evidence that 2D:4D ratio is associated with masculinization of dACC gray matter volume, and that this neural phenotype mediates, in part, the expression of trait aggression in women.

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“…This region has been previously implicated in cocaine craving and dependence (Wexler et al, 2001) and is involved in inhibitory 'top-down' emotional and cognitive-control processes (Etkin et al, 2006;Chiew and Braver, 2011;Giuliani et al, 2011). Cognitivecontrol mechanisms naturally develop with age in typical development (Crone et al, 2004), and may be particularly relevant for the generation of appropriate coping strategies in response to substance-using situations (Rando et al, 2013).…”

Section: Neural Responses To Favorite-food Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and Adolescent Neural Responses to Appetitive and Stressful Stimuli

Yip

Potenza

Balodis

et al. 2014

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Preclinical research has demonstrated the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on brain regions involved in emotional regulation, motivational control, and addiction vulnerability-eg, the ventral striatum (VS), anterior cingulate (ACC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, little is known about the function of these regions in human adolescents with PCE. Twenty-two adolescents with PCE and 22 age-, gender-, and IQ-matched non-cocaine exposed (NCE) adolescents underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during exposure to individually personalized neutral/relaxing, stressful, and favorite-food cues. fMRI data were compared using grouplevel two-tailed t-tests in the BioImage Suite. In comparison with NCE adolescents, PCE adolescents had reduced activity within cortical and subcortical brain regions, including the VS, ACC, and medial and dorslolateral PFC during exposure to favorite-food cues but did not differ in neural responses to stress cues. Subjective food craving was inversely related to dorsolateral PFC activation among PCE adolescents. Among PCE adolescents, subjective anxiety ratings correlated inversely with activations in the orbitofrontal cortex and brainstem during the stress condition and with ACC, dorsolateral PFC, and hippocampus activity during the neutral-relaxing condition. Thus adolescents with PCE display hypoactivation of brain regions involved in appetitive processing, with subjective intensities of craving and anxiety correlating inversely with extent of activation. These findings suggest possible mechanisms by which PCE might predispose to the development of addictions and related disorders, eg, substance-use disorders and binge-eating.

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Anterior cingulate cortex volume and emotion regulation: Is bigger better?

Cited by 95 publications

References 26 publications

Neural markers of familial risk for depression: An investigation of cortical thickness abnormalities in healthy adolescent daughters of mothers with recurrent depression.

Neural markers of familial risk for depression: An investigation of cortical thickness abnormalities in healthy adolescent daughters of mothers with recurrent depression.

Anterior cingulate cortex gray matter volume mediates an association between 2D:4D ratio and trait aggression in women but not men

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and Adolescent Neural Responses to Appetitive and Stressful Stimuli

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