Anterior Chamber Angle Assessment Techniques: A Review

Riva, Ivano; Micheletti, Eleonora; Oddone, Francesco; Bruttini, Carlo; Montescani, Silvia; Angelis, G. De; Rovati, Luigi; Weinreb, Robert N.; Quaranta, Luciano

doi:10.3390/jcm9123814

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 125 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The principle of this examination is to determine the depth of the anterior chamber based on the distance of the optical black section formed between the inner corneal surface and the anterior part of the iris. A depth distance of less than a quarter of the corneal thickness indicates a risky narrow anterior angle, making it more susceptible to glaucomatous incidences [1], [8], [18].…”

Section: E Anterior Chamber and Aqueous Humormentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Segment Examination with Slit-Lamp Biomicroscope: What Should be Highlighted?

Sakti¹

2021

EJMED

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ocular health assessment consists of various types of examinations that aim to find pathological conditions in the eye so that it helps ophthalmologists to diagnose and provide therapy for ocular disorders suffered by the patients. Slit-lamp biomicroscope is one of the most important eye assessments and has become the standard in assessing the pathological condition of the anterior part of the eye. This examination is performed using a stereoscopic biomicroscope instrument in combination with a bright illumination source. The results of the anterior segment examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope may provide more detailed ocular findings, such as the abnormalities of the eyelid, conjunctival lesions, abnormalities of the cornea, lens, or other parts of the anterior ocular segments. Therefore, the ability to examine slit-lamp biomicroscope is essential for the ophthalmologist. This review will discuss the eye examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope and the findings that will make it easier for clinicians to determine the direction of diagnostic approach in ocular patients.

show abstract

Section: E Anterior Chamber and Aqueous Humormentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Segment Examination with Slit-Lamp Biomicroscope: What Should be Highlighted?

Sakti¹

2021

EJMED

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gonioscopy is the clinical standard for evaluating the anterior chamber angle (ACA). 1 , 2 However, gonioscopy assessments are subjective, qualitative, and depends on the examiner's clinical experience. 3 Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a noninvasive imaging technique that is not affected by optical media opacities and has intense penetration through ocular tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Localization of the Scleral Spur Using Deep Learning and Ultrasound Biomicroscopy

Wang

et al. 2021

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) for automated localization of the scleral spur in ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) images of open-angle eyes. Methods UBM images were acquired, and one glaucoma specialist provided reference coordinates of scleral spur locations in all images. A CNN model based on the EfficientNetB3 architecture was developed to detect the scleral spur in each image. The prediction errors and Euclidean distance were used to evaluate localization performance of the CNN model. Trabecular-iris angle 500 (TIA500) and angle-opening distance 500 (AOD500) were measured and analyzed using the scleral spur locations provided by the specialist and predicted by the CNN model. Results The CNN was developed using a training dataset of 2328 images and tested using an independent dataset of 258 images. The mean absolute prediction errors of CNN model were 48.06 ± 45.40 µm for X-coordinates and 30.84 ± 27.03 µm for Y-coordinates. The mean absolute intraobserver variability was 47.80 ± 44.45 µm for X-coordinates and 29.50 ± 25.77 µm for Y-coordinates. The mean Euclidean distance of the CNN was 60.41 ± 49.02 µm and the intraobserver mean Euclidean distance was 59.78 ± 47.12 µm. The mean absolute error in TIA500 was 1.26 ± 1.38 degrees for all test images and in AOD500 was 0.039 ± 0.051 mm. Conclusions A CNN can detect the scleral spur on UBM images of open-angle eyes with performance similar to that of a glaucoma specialist. Translational Relevance Deep learning algorithms for automating scleral spur localization would facilitate the quantitative assessment of the opening of the angle and the risk in angle closure.

show abstract

“…The interferometer can be based on the time (TD-OCT), the spectral (SD-OCT) or the swept source (SS-OCT) domain which is the most recent implementation of OCT using Fourier-domain technologies which allows circumferential assessment of the ACA with the fastest acquisition. 11,14 Although not as fast as the newest technology of SS-OCT, spectral-domain systems have enhanced signal-to-noise ratio, image acquisition speed, and image resolution compared to time-domain AS-OCT. [15][16][17] The current study was conducted to determine whether an association exists between ACA and corneal ECD in chronic angle closure without prior surgery, iridotomy, or acute attack. ECD in chronic angle closure with varying degree of ACA was analyzed using specular microscopy in this study conducted in an Indonesian population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AS-OCT is a non-invasive technique acquiring high-resolution images of the ACA which allows both quantitative and qualitative analyses. 11 It can be performed easily, with relatively good repeatability and reproducibility, and provides excellent discriminative value for the detection of narrow angles. 12 , 13 AS-OCT provides cross-sectional images of the anterior segment by using low-coherence interferometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association Between Anterior Chamber Angle and Corneal Endothelial Cell Density in Chronic Angle Closure

Soebijantoro¹,

Gondhowiardjo²,

Soesatyo

2021

OPTH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To study the association between corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and degree of anterior chamber angle (ACA) opening in eyes with chronic angle closure glaucoma. Methods: The study was conducted at JEC Eye Hospitals in Indonesia. Treatment-naïve patients aged ≥40 years with IOP >21 mmHg and peripheral anterior chamber depth (ACD) grade 2 or less by Van Herick's technique were recruited. Trabecular iris angle (TIA; degree) was measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and classified as: grade 1 ≤10°, grade 2 11-20°, and grade 3 >20°. Noncontact specular microscopy was performed, and the following corneal parameters were obtained:ECD (cells/mm 2 ), coefficient of variation (CV; μm 2 /cell), percentage of hexagonal cells, and central corneal thickness (CCT; μm). Results: A total of 52 eyes from 52 subjects were recruited (16 grade 1 TIA, 24 grade 2 TIA, and 12 grade 3 TIA). Presenting IOP was not significantly different between groups. The median central corneal ECD was 2684.5 (1433-2934), 2587.0 (1902-3103), and 2441.0 (1659-3005) cells/mm 2 in grade 1, 2, and 3 TIA, respectively, with no significant differences across the groups (P = 0.67). The CV was lowest in grade 3 TIA (36.4 ± 7.2 μm2/cell), and highest in grade 1 TIA (38.3 ± 9.6 μm2/cell), but the differences were not significant (P = 0.74). Likewise, the percentage of hexagonality and CCT was not significantly different. TIA was not correlated with IOP but was modestly correlated with age. Conclusion:The corneal ECD and morphological characteristics such as CV and hexagonality were not significantly different across various TIA grading in chronic angle closure. This may reflect the lack of chronic and gradual IOP insult on corneal endothelial parameters as TIA did not show direct effect towards IOP.

show abstract

Anterior Chamber Angle Assessment Techniques: A Review

Cited by 45 publications

References 125 publications

Anterior Segment Examination with Slit-Lamp Biomicroscope: What Should be Highlighted?

Anterior Segment Examination with Slit-Lamp Biomicroscope: What Should be Highlighted?

Automatic Localization of the Scleral Spur Using Deep Learning and Ultrasound Biomicroscopy

Association Between Anterior Chamber Angle and Corneal Endothelial Cell Density in Chronic Angle Closure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About