Antennal Sensilla of<i>Tamarixia radiata</i>(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Parasitoid of<i>Diaphorina citri</i>(Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Onagbola, Ebenezer O.; Boina, Dhana Raj; Hermann, Sara L.; Stelinski, Lukasz L.

doi:10.1603/008.102.0324

Cited by 42 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Tetrastichus howardi had more sensilla types than many other Eulophidae insect (Li et al, ; Onagbola et al, ). We found nine groups of sensilla—MPS, CH, MTS, ATS, MGPS, COS, CAS, TFI, and CP—on antennae of both sexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of a pupal endoparasitoidTetrastichus howardi(Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Zheng

Liao

et al. 2016

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a pupal parasitoid of a great number of Lepidoptera pests, has a great potential for biological control. To investigate the olfactory system of this parasitoid, we examined the morphology and ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla of both male and female T. howardi using scanning and transmission electron microscopic techniques. Antennae of male and female T. howardi were geniculate in shape, which consisted of scape, pedicel and flagellum with 5 and 4 flagellomeres, respectively. The sexual differences were recorded in the types, structure, distribution and abundance of antennal sensilla of T. howardi. Fourteen morphologically distinct types of antennal sensilla were found on the female antennae, while seventeen on the male antennae. They were: multiporous plate sensilla (MPS1-4), chaetica sensilla (CH1-3), multiporous trichodea sensilla (MTS), aporous trichodea sensilla (ATS1-5), multiporous grooved peg sensilla (MGPS), coeloconic sensilla (COS), campaniform sensilla (CAS), terminal finger-like hairy sensilla (TFI), cuticular pore (CP), and ventral sensory plaque (VSP). MPS4, ATS (3-5), and VSP only occurred on the male antennae, while MPS2 and MPS3 only on the female antennae. The MPSs, MTS, MGPS, TFI, and CP may function as olfactory sensilla involving in detecting odor stimuli whereas the ATSs, CHs, and CAS may serve as mechanoreceptors. COS were presumed to play a role as chemo-, thermo- or hygro-receptor. The results could facilitate future studies on the biology of olfaction in T. howardi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of a pupal endoparasitoidTetrastichus howardi(Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Zheng

Liao

et al. 2016

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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“…Basiconic peg sensilla have been called sensilla ampullacea (Voegelé et al., ), multiporous peg sensilla (Barlin et al., ), grooved peg sensilla (Bin et al., ), basiconic capitate peg sensilla (Amornsak et al., ; Onagbola et al., ; Mottern et al., ), type s4 sensilla (Gibson et al., ), and thermo‐hygroreceptive sensilla (van Baaren et al., ). Their shape is highly variable, ranging from long and thin to short and mushroom‐like (cps, Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)

et al. 2013

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Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) is extremely diverse with an estimated 500 000 species. We present the first phylogenetic analysis of the superfamily based on both morphological and molecular data. A web-based, systematics workbench mx was used to score 945 character states illustrated by 648 figures for 233 morphological characters for a total of 66 645 observations for 300 taxa. The matrix covers 22 chalcidoid families recognized herein and includes 268 genera within 78 of 83 subfamilies. Morphological data were analysed alone and in combination with molecular data from ribosomal 18S (2105 bp) and 28S D2-D5 expansion regions (1812 bp). Analyses were analysed alone and in combined datasets using implied-weights parsimony and likelihood. Proposed changes in higher classification resulting from the analyses include: (i) recognition of Eriaporidae, revised status; (ii) recognition of Cynipencyrtidae, revised status; (iii) recognition of Azotidae, revised status; (iv) inclusion of Sycophaginae in Agaonidae, revised status; (v) reclassification of Aphelinidae to include Aphelininae, Calesinae, Coccophaginae, Eretmocerinae and Eriaphytinae; (vi) inclusion of Cratominae and Panstenoninae within Pteromalinae (Pteromalidae), new synonymy; (vii) inclusion of Epichrysomallinae in Pteromalidae, revised status. At a higher level, Chalcidoidea was monophyletic, with Mymaridae the sister group of Rotoitidae plus the remaining Chalcidoidea. A eulophid lineage was recovered that included Aphelinidae, Azotidae, Eulophidae, Signiphoridae, Tetracampidae and Trichogrammatidae. Eucharitidae and Perilampidae were monophyletic if Eutrichosomatinae (Pteromalidae) was included, and Eupelmidae was monophyletic if Oodera (Pteromalidae: Cleonyminae) was included. Likelihood recovered a clade of Eupelmidae + (Tanaostigmatidae + (Cynipencyrtus + Encyrtidae). Support for other lineages and their impact on the classification of Chalcidoidea is discussed. Several life-history traits are mapped onto the new phylogeny.© The Willi Hennig Society 2013. Without question, Chalcidoidea is one of the most megadiverse groups of insects. Their morphological diversity is staggering (Fig. 1). They range in size from such veritable giants as females of Leptofoenus (Pteromalidae), which exceed 20 mm, to the minute and morphologically bizarre male of Dicopomorpha echmepterygis (Mymaridae), the smallest known specimen of which is 0.13 mm long. Males of D. echmepterygis have lost eyes, ocelli, mouthparts, antennal flagellum, wings, tarsi except for a highly modified arolium, and virtually any other feature that places them as parasitic wasps (Fig. 1a). Other bizarrities include male fig wasps, which can be reduced to turtle-like fighting machines that bear no resemblance to their corresponding females and are hardly recognizable as chalcidoids, or the grotesquely enlarged scutellum (Fig. 1h) of Galearia latreillei (Eucharitidae) and the dart-shaped ovipositor sheaths (Fig. 1j) of Cameronella (Pteromalidae). Convergent morphology is also rampant, and enlarged...

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“…Antennal surface area was the area (mm 2 ) of the polygon drawn around the antennae in clearest view on the picture. Because there is sometimes pronounced sexual dimorphism in body size and antennal size in parasitoid wasps [27,28], we used only data from female wasps, since their antennae and body size are more likely to be directly influenced by host identity. To conform with statistical assumptions of normality, body size and antenna size measures were log transformed for the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Body Size, Antennal Size and Host Use in Parasitoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea): A Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis

Symonds

Elgar

2013

PLoS ONE

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Chalcidoid wasps represent one of the most speciose superfamilies of animals known, with ca. 23,000 species described of which many are parasitoids. They are extremely diverse in body size, morphology and, among the parasitoids, insect hosts. Parasitic chalcidoids utilise a range of behavioural adaptations to facilitate exploitation of their diverse insect hosts, but how host use might influence the evolution of body size and morphology is not known in this group. We used a phylogenetic comparative analysis of 126 chalcidoid species to examine whether body size and antennal size showed evolutionary correlations with aspects of host use, including host breadth (specificity), host identity (orders of insects parasitized) and number of plant associates. Both morphological features and identity of exploited host orders show strong phylogenetic signal, but host breadth does not. Larger body size in these wasps was weakly associated with few plant genera, and with more specialised host use, and chalcidoid wasps that parasitize coleopteran hosts tend to be larger. Intriguingly, chalcidoid wasps that parasitize hemipteran hosts are both smaller in size in the case of those parasitizing the suborder Sternorrhyncha and have relatively larger antennae, particularly in those that parasitize other hemipteran suborders. These results suggest there are adaptations in chalcidoid wasps that are specifically associated with host detection and exploitation.

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Antennal Sensilla ofTamarixia radiata(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Parasitoid ofDiaphorina citri(Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Cited by 42 publications

References 30 publications

Sexual dimorphism in antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of a pupal endoparasitoidTetrastichus howardi(Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Sexual dimorphism in antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of a pupal endoparasitoidTetrastichus howardi(Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)

The Evolution of Body Size, Antennal Size and Host Use in Parasitoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea): A Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis

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