Antennal movements reveal associative learning in the American cockroach<i>Periplaneta americana</i>

Lent, David D.; Kwon, Hyung-Wook

doi:10.1242/jeb.00736

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is in accordance with previous findings that backward-pairing of olfactory CS with gustatory US was not effective in achieving olfactory conditioning in insects and mammals (honeybees: Hellstern et al, 1997;crickets: Matsumoto and Mizunami, 2002;rats: Maier et al, 1976), although backward-pairing of visual CS with olfactory US was found to be effective for achieving conditioning in cockroaches (Lent and Kwon, 2004). …”

Section: Effects Of Conditioning On Odour Response Of Salivary Neuronessupporting

confidence: 92%

Classical conditioning of activities of salivary neurones in the cockroach

Watanabe

Mizunami

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Secretion of saliva to aid swallowing and digestion is a basic physiological function found in many vertebrates and invertebrates. For mammals, classical conditioning of salivation in dogs was reported by Pavlov a century ago. However, conditioning of salivation or of related neural activities in non-mammalian species has not been reported. In many species of insects, salivation is regulated by salivary neurones. In this study, we found that salivary neurones of the cockroach Periplaneta americanaexhibited a strong response to sucrose solution applied to the mouth and a weak response to odours applied to an antenna, and we studied the effect of conditioning on the activities of salivary neurones. After three sets of differential conditioning trials in which an odour was presented just before the presentation of sucrose solution and the other odour was presented alone,the response of salivary neurones to sucrose-associated odour significantly increased but that to the odour presented alone was unchanged. Backward pairing trials in which an odour was presented after the presentation of sucrose solution were not effective in achieving conditioning. Our study of the change in the level of saliva secretion in response to electrical stimulation of salivary neurones suggested that the magnitude of increase in odour response of salivary neurones by conditioning is sufficient to lead to an increased level of salivation. This study suggests classical conditioning of salivation in an insect.

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Section: Effects Of Conditioning On Odour Response Of Salivary Neuronessupporting

confidence: 92%

Classical conditioning of activities of salivary neurones in the cockroach

Watanabe

Mizunami

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Paradigms previously established to study learning and memory in the cockroach and to demonstrate plasticity in the mushroom bodies have relied on antennal movements to indicate an association between visual and olfactory stimuli Lent and Kwon 2004;Lent et al 2007). The Barnes maze is a nonolfactory-based test that relies, instead, on an association being made between the location of visual cues and an escape route from the maze to a preferred darkened area.…”

Section: Cockroach Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And how would age-related alterations be manifested both at a behavioral and structural level? Behavioral assays that use olfactory and visual cues demonstrate that even restrained cockroaches can be assayed for associative as well as spatial learning and memory tasks using visual-directed antennal movements as behavioral indicators Lent and Kwon 2004) and that concomitantly display discrete changes in synaptic complexes of the mushroom bodies (Pintér et al 2005). Vision-based behavioral assays (Mizunami et al 1998a,b) based on the Morris water maze (Morris et al 1982) demonstrate that cockroaches can be trained to learn and remember the location of hidden targets and that bilateral lesions of one of the mushroom body lobes abolishes place memory.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

Brown

Strausfeld²

2009

Learn. Mem.

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Neuronal modifications that accompany normal aging occur in brain neuropils and might share commonalties across phyla including the most successful group, the Insecta. This study addresses the kinds of neuronal modifications associated with loss of memory that occur in the hemimetabolous insect Periplaneta americana. Among insects that display considerable longevity, the American cockroach lives up to 64 wk and reveals specific cellular alterations in its mushroom bodies, higher centers that have been shown to be associated with learning and memory. The present results describe a vision-based learning paradigm, based on a modified Barnes maze, that compares memory in young (10-wk old), middle-aged (30-wk old), and aged adults (50-wk old). We show that not only is the performance of this task during the 14 training trials significantly decremented in aged cockroaches, but that aged cockroaches show significant impairment in successfully completing a crucial test involving cue rotation. Light and electron microscopical examination of the brains of these different age groups reveal major changes in neuron morphology and synaptology in the mushroom body lobes, centers shown to underlie place memory in this taxon.

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“…Other invertebrate model systems for classical conditioning include cockroaches and crickets Mizunami, 2002, 2004;Matsumoto et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2003;Kwon et al, 2004;Lent and Kwon, 2004;Pinter et al, 2005).…”

Section: Invertebrate Classical Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%