Antenna Proximity Effects for Talk and Data Modes in Mobile Phones

Abstract

Based on a recent study of the ways a phone is held (a grip study), CAD models of the human hand have been generated, and antenna proximity effects for both talk and data modes in mobile phones have been investigated using an FDTD code. The simulation results showed that the hand, and especially the index finger, exhibited a major contribution in determining the total loss when compared to the upper torso alone. The influence of the position of the fingers on the handset was found to be more important when close to the antenna. The palm-handset gap and the index-finger location were the main factors for both absorption and mismatch loss. Different data-mode hand phantoms and configurations were investigated, showing that both "overlapped" and "interlaced" grip styles similarly influenced the antenna's communication performance.

Future Vogues in Handset Antenna Systems

“…In fact recently the general public had for the first time the unique opportunity of recognizing the importance of a good antenna design during the flaming iPhone 4 antenna-gate debate. It is clear that the link budget can benefit significantly from antenna optimization, recognizing that what happens in the near field due to the user's influence does not have to be considered ineluctable anymore [10]. This will be more and more important as MIMO features will become widespread among mobile phones.…”

“…As the position of the index finger is one of the predominant factors in determining the interaction of the antenna with the human hand, different configurations were investigated [10]. As in the handset different heights were used for normalband and narrow-band PIFAs, the gap between the hand phantoms and the PIFA main element was not constant.…”

Effects of hand on EM absorption and antenna performances for internal handset PIFA

“…Inclusion of the hand model affects SAR values as well as antenna performances [7÷10]. The hand effects on antenna performances highly depend on the hand grip and palmhandset gap [11,12]. The user's hand causes shifting the resonance frequency [13], reducing the channel's data rate [14] and detuning the antenna input impedance [7,13].…”

Reduce the Hand-Effect Body Loss for Lte Mobile Antenna in Ctia Talking and Data Modes

“…The mismatch problem can be solved by tuning the operating frequency of the antenna, but the drop in the radiation efficiency is always a difficult problem for antenna engineers to solve. The influence of the user's head and hand on the antenna's efficiency has been studied in [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, in practice, the user can use either the left or right hand to hold the mobile handset in the talking mode.…”